ISO 16737:2012 火災安全工学 — 代数方程式を支配する要件 — ベントフロー | ページ 2

1.1この国際規格は、通気流の特定の特性を計算するための代数公式セットの適用要件を規定しています。

1.2この国際規格は、一連の代数式を含む火災力学計算の場合の一般的な高レベル要件の実装です。

1.3この国際規格は、次のタイプの一般的な要件を満たすために代数的ベント流式に関連する特定の情報が提供されるテンプレートの形式で編成されています。

• a)計算方法によって扱われる物理現象の説明
• b)計算手順とその科学的根拠の文書化;
• c)計算方法の制限;
• d)計算方法の入力パラメータ
• e)計算方法の適用範囲

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 16737 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 4, Fire safety engineering.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16737:2006), which has been technically revised.

Introduction

This International Standard is intended to be used by fire safety practitioners who employ fire safety engineering calculation methods. Examples include fire safety engineers; authorities having jurisdiction, such as territorial authority officials; fire service personnel; code enforcers; and code developers. It is expected that users of this International Standard are appropriately qualified and competent in the field of fire safety engineering. It is particularly important that users understand the parameters within which particular methodologies may be used.

Algebraic formulas conforming to the requirements of this International Standard are used with other engineering calculation methods during fire safety design. Such design is preceded by the establishment of a context, including the fire safety goals and objectives to be met, as well as performance criteria when a tentative fire safety design is subject to specified design fire scenarios. Engineering calculation methods are used to determine if these performance criteria will be met by a particular design and if not, how the design must be modified.

The subjects of engineering calculations include the fire-safe design of entirely new built environments, such as buildings, ships or vehicles as well as the assessment of the fire safety of existing built environments.

The algebraic formulas discussed in this International Standard are very useful for quantifying the consequences of design fire scenarios. Such formulas are particularly valuable for allowing the practitioner to determine very quickly how a tentative fire safety design should be modified to meet performance criteria, without having to spend time on detailed numerical calculations until the stage of final design documentation. Examples of areas where algebraic formulas have been applicable include determination of heat transfer, both convective and radiant, from fire plumes, prediction of ceiling jet flow properties governing detector response times, calculation of smoke transport through vent openings and analysis of enclosure fire hazards such as smoke filling and flashover.

The algebraic formulas discussed in this International Standard are essential for checking the results of comprehensive numerical models that calculate fire growth and its consequences.

1 Scope

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 apply. See each annex for the terms and definitions specific to that annex.

Bibliography