ISO 19984-3:2017 ゴムおよびゴム製品—バイオベースの含有量の決定—パート3：バイオベースの質量含有量 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis.

A list of all parts in the ISO 19984 series can be found on the ISO website.

Introduction

The use of biomass materials in rubber compounds helps to decrease the rubber industry’s dependence on fossil resources. It is also expected to lead to a reduction of carbon dioxide emission, reducing global warming and promoting a sustainable global environment.

In the ISO 19984 series, biomass is the term used for the biological material from living or recently living organisms such as wood and agricultural waste materials.

Industrial scale biomass is now readily being grown from numerous types of plants sources and a variety of tree species. Biomass nowadays also includes plant or animal matter used for the production of fibres or chemicals. It may also include biodegradable wastes. Biomass excludes organic materials which have been transformed by geological processes into substances, such as petroleum or coal. Although fossil fuels have their origin in ancient biomass, they are not considered biomass by the generally accepted definition because they contain carbon that has been “out” of the modern carbon cycle.

The composition of biomass is mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen and small quantities of other elements can also be found.

The ISO 19984 series specifies methods for the determination of the biobased content of rubber and rubber products. The results will give manufacturers and users a quantitative indication of their contribution to the preservation of the environment.

ISO 19984-1 specifies how to categorize constituents of rubber and rubber products and also how to calculate the biobased content using the compound formulation and the chemical structure of each constituent.

ISO 19984-2 specifies how to determine the biobased carbon content by radio chemical analyses, i.e. determination of ¹⁴C. It can be obtained from the fraction of carbon atoms derived from biomass against the whole amount of carbon atoms in the rubber or rubber products. The methods specified in ISO 19984-2 allow consumers to determine the biobased carbon content even when the formulation of the rubber is unavailable.

ISO 19984-3 specifies how to separate rubber compounds into constituents, how to obtain each constituent's composition ratio and how to determine the biobased carbon content of each constituent by chemical analyses. Thus, the biobased mass content for each constituent can be derived and the biobased mass content for the whole rubber can be obtained by summing up all the constituent values.

1 Scope

This document specifies measuring methods for the determination of the biobased mass contents in rubber and rubber products.

The biobased mass content of rubber materials or final products can be determined by separating the sample into the rubber, the inorganic ingredient (including carbon black) and the solvent extract, each of whose ¹⁴C content is determined, and then converting the results to the biobased mass content using the procedure described in this document.

This document applies to NR, IR, BR, SBR, IIR, BIIR, CIIR and their modified rubbers, as well as to their mixtures.

This document uses only the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method for the purpose of determination of biobased content.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1382, ISO 19984-1 and ISO 19984-2 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography