ISO 20380:2017 公共プール—プールでの溺死事故を検出するためのコンピュータビジョンシステム—安全要件と試験方法 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, 2 (see www.iso.org/directives ).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents ).

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and other recreational facilities and equipment.

Introduction

Currently available epidemiological data show that despite the presence of lifeguards, drowning [which, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in liquid] remains in public swimming pools with entrance fees. A certain number of studies^[2][11] together demonstrate that for several reasons (physiological, cognitive, architectural, organizational, etc.), lifeguards may sometimes find themselves in difficulty when watching over swimmers, knowing that a potential risk of a drowning accident may occur.

It is important to bear in mind that a lifeguard can supervise and inform swimmers to help ensure their safety as well as anticipate and intervene early to prevent an accident from occurring.

Computer vision systems do not save people from drowning, as saving a drowning person necessarily requires human intervention.

Installation and use of computer vision systems cannot serve as a reason to reduce human monitoring of swimming pools, unless a robust risk assessment does indicate this is possible without compromising safety, with reference to applicable national regulations, if any.

In addition to the safety organization, these tools are solely for use by a competent person, who received prior training in the operational performances of these systems in accordance with the manufacturers' and the swimming pool operators' instructions.

Not all possible drowning accidents can be detected by the systems described in this document, e.g. persons floating on or just below the water surface. Although the current state-of-the-art does not allow 100 % effectiveness, for several years, these technologies have proved their worth worldwide, by regularly helping lifeguards to identify potential drowning accidents that they had not observed.

While it is possible to retrofit this type of equipment to an existing pool, consideration of its introduction is best at the pool design stage.

In order to really enhance the drowning prevention in swimming pools, computer vision systems are designed to:

• scan continuously and with redundancy the pool basin;
• detect mathematically a solid mass, without trajectory, lying at the pool basin bottom;
• trigger electronically an alarm after the detection;
• limit false alarms by automatically differentiating a solid mass from light and shadow projections on the texture of the pool basin and by discriminating, without human intervention, a motionless solid mass above and below the water surface.

A trained competent person cannot completely rely on such a system because:

• the system has limitations, which are covered in training for using the system;
• the system’s performance can be compromised by various factors, which the trained competent person would be informed of automatically in real time.

Computer vision systems are foreseen to support the competent person in detecting drowning accidents at the pool basin bottom and reacting faster by saving precious seconds.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may involve the use of patents concerning computer vision technologies for the detection of drowning accidents in swimming pools, given in 3.1.

ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights.

The holder of these patent rights has assured ISO that he/she is willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of these patent rights is registered with ISO. Information may be obtained from:

POSÉIDON – MG INTERNATIONAL – MAYTRONICS FRANCE

3, rue Nationale

92100 – Boulogne Billancourt

France

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

1 Scope

This document describes the minimum operational, performance and safety requirements and test methods for computer vision systems used to detect drowning accidents.

This document does not apply to the systems used in domestic swimming pools and pool basins with a surface area of less than 150 m².

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography