ISO 20775:2009 情報とドキュメント—所蔵情報のスキーマ | ページ 2

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 20775 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability.

Introduction

This schema for holdings information is designed to meet the requirements for delivering information about holdings of resources in repositories, libraries and related institutions in response to direct queries. This schema may also be applicable to the holdings of cultural institutions, such as museum objects. The information contained in this schema includes scope of holdings, availability, availability policy and conditions, and access rights. Reporting capability for historical usage information is a secondary, optional part of this schema.

This International Standard is designed to cover the holdings of all types of resources, physical and electronic, all types of resource format such as printed text, visual images, sound recordings, videos, electronic media and resources published or issued once, such as monographs or those published serially or in part.

This schema is primarily designed to be included in responses to queries. Two primary query types have been identified and targeted, based on availability (main focus) and historical usage. Simply put, the schema's main purpose is to answer the question “who has one or more copies of this resource or this group of resources, is it available now and to me and what are the conditions?”

Although this International Standard can be used for reporting holdings to a federated metadata repository such as a centralized union catalogue, metasearch database such as Google or centralized document repository, this is not its primary focus. The focus is for interactive exchange of a combination of stable and dynamic information. Reporting and harvesting convey only stable information and other schemas are already in use for this purpose such as MODS, MARC 21 Holdings, COPAC and ONIX. Most of these schemas include richer detail, especially in relation to serial holdings. For this same reason, this International Standard is not intended to contain the detail necessary to predict new serial issues and claim missing serial issues.

In a similar vein, this International Standard is not designed to populate link resolver databases, although it can be included in information sent to a resolver during a resolution process to declare known locations and ask for alternatives or more information about known locations. Resolvers also can employ this schema in information used to transfer information to another resolver.

How data is gathered and assembled to populate the holdings schema is also outside the scope of this International Standard. Data may be dispersed in several locations such as a union catalogue, local catalogue and a policy directory or repository. A variety of standards may be employed for this purpose including NCIP for local holdings, XACML and LDAP for policy, authentication and authorization information and SRU and Z39.50 for all types of searching and retrieval.

The holdings reported in this schema can relate to one or more bibliographic resources. As this schema is employed in a query response, the bibliographic resource or resources will be known, therefore detailed resource description is out of scope for this International Standard. This schema can be incorporated as a fragment within other XML bibliographic resource descriptions such as MODS.

1 Scope

ThisInternational Standard specifies a schema designed to cover the holdings of all types of resources, physical and electronic, all types of resource format such as printed text, visual images, sound recordings, videos, electronic media and resources published or issued once such as monographs or those published serially or in part.

Though it is designed to be used as a schema in query responses, this International Standard does not specify a query and response (such as SRU, Z39.50 or Open Search) including search attributes and index definition.

This International Standard facilitates the interactive exchange of a combination of stable and dynamic information.

How data is gathered and assembled to populate the schema for holdings is outside the scope of this International Standard.

Detailed resource description is outside the scope of this International Standard as is also detailed information on serials designed for claiming missing issues.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

Bibliography