ISO 22396:2020 セキュリティと回復力—コミュニティの回復力—組織間の情報交換のガイドライン | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 292, Security and resilience.

Introduction

The landscape of risk has changed for all actors in society, including private enterprises, governmental organizations and non-governmental organizations. Organizations have become more interconnected and interdependent, resulting in risks that overlap and cross boundaries.

Changing ownership patterns of critical societal infrastructure and services mean that private enterprises must be involved in the development of mechanisms for increased coping capacity, experience and knowledge exchange. Critical societal infrastructure or services are increasingly privately managed or owned, creating new requirements for co-operation and information exchange for capacity building purposes.

While the authorities having jurisdiction have the ultimate responsibility to serve and protect their citizens, solutions are often found in the private sector, even though preventive measures for the increased security of critical societal functions have traditionally been regarded as government and public core areas. In order to enhance and support preventive measures for protection, multiple actors from both the private and public sectors should be able to exchange information effectively and securely in order to increase societal security and enhance resilience.

Generally, the objective of collaboration is to identify and initiate actions to increase security and reduce vulnerability. Information exchange on possible liabilities, risks and vulnerabilities can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of organizations.

It is challenging but necessary to establish accurate boundaries between organizations regarding information sharing. Responsibility for coordination is also difficult to define since coordination in these areas requires special solutions adapted within a sector, for each different sector, region or nation.

Private actors also require a guarantee that their sensitive business information is not leaked, used to impede competition or to damage their business and trademark. Consequently, secure information exchange is an essential condition of successful and effective information exchange for both public and private organizations.

Organizations that participate in information exchange arrangements can increase their knowledge and understanding of events and risks with the aim of enhancing resilience. Effective information exchange arrangements can provide other benefits to these participating organizations, including:

• enlightening organizations that may not usually get access in usual ways;
• enhancing capabilities by unlocking otherwise restricted information;
• creating a centralized information exchange to support sharing;
• increasing capacity for information distribution;
• creating a sense of community through caring and sharing.

This document is divided into three segments: principles, framework and process. The principles present the core of this document. The framework identifies the necessary elements for developing information exchange frameworks. The process describes information exchange procedures for establishing and maintaining the arrangement. Figure 1 presents the relationship between the principles, the framework and the process.

1 Scope

This document gives guidelines for information exchange. It includes principles, a framework and a process for information exchange. It identifies mechanisms for information exchange that allow a participating organization to learn from others’ experiences, mistakes and successes. It can be used to guide the maintenance of the information exchange arrangement in order to increase commitment and engagement. It provides measures that enhance the ability of participating organizations to cope with disruption risk.

This document is applicable to private and public organizations that require guidance on establishing the conditions to support information exchange.

This document does not apply to technical aspects but focuses on methodology issues.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22300 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography