ISO 23117-1:2023 農林業機械 ～無人空中散布システム～ Part 1: 環境への要求 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 6, Equipment for crop protection.

A list of all parts in the ISO 23117 series can be found on the ISO website.

Introduction

The increased popularity of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) or drones, and the continued advances in flight control, flight duration, and payload potential are improving the utility of UAS for agricultural purposes. UAS use in agriculture is a rapidly changing field, with unmanned aerial spraying systems (UASS) already in use in East-Asian applications, for example in rice, bush and tree crops. UASS has the potential to provide an aerial spray system when handheld/portable, terrestrial vehicles, or manned aircraft would be hazardous. However, spraying from UASS can impact the surrounding environment in various ways such as misapplication, accidents during the application, improper design, inadequate weather condition, etc. It is important to consider biological and ecological considerations in plant protection. This document gives the minimum requirements for UASS with particular emphasis on minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination. This document does not cover UAS safety and design, requirements for registration of UAS or requirements for the remote pilot: these are specified by individual countries or regions. However ここで, UAS design is closely related to the environment protection, limited technical information is included.

This document is a type C-standard as stated in ISO 12100.

The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:

• type-A standards (basis safety standards) giving basic concepts, principle for design, and general aspects that can be applied to machinery;
• type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one type of safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
  • type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
  • type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hands controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive devices, guards);

• type-C standards (machinery safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines.

1 Scope

This document, when used together with ISO 16119-1, specifies the requirements and the means for verification of the design and performance of unmanned aerial spraying systems (UASS) mounted on unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for application of plant protection products (PPPs) in agriculture, forestry, turf and amenity areas, with regard to minimising the potential risk of environmental contamination during use, including misuse foreseeable by the UASS manufacturer.

The requirements of this document take precedence over those of ISO 16119-1. The ISO 23117 series does not cover human safety aspects of UASS’s or safety aspects concerning UAS’s, remote pilots or bystanders.

This document is not applicable to UASS mounted on UASs with a maximum take-off mass greater than 150 kg.

This document is not applicable to UASSs manufactured before the date of its publication.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5681, ISO 21384-4 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

3.2

unmanned aerial spraying system

UASS

spraying system, including hardware such as spray tank, pump, hoses, nozzles/atomizers etc., necessary for the application of a spray liquid from a UAS, as well as hardware and software necessary for the remote and/or automatic control of the application

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.

Figure 1 — Example for layout of an unmanned aerial spraying system(UASS)

Key

1	nozzle/atomizer, and anti-drip device	6	pump
2	spray boom	7	spray tank
3	hose	8	remote control device
4	hose connector	9	spray pressure/flow rate control device
5	valves

3.5

characteristic dimension

diameter of the smallest circle, the circumference of which envelops the paths of all the rotor tips placed on the horizontal plane

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.

Note 2 to entry: In case of a single rotor UAS, the characteristic dimension is equal to the diameter of the main rotor. In case of a fixed wing UAS, the characteristic dimension is equal to the wing span.

Figure 2 — Definition of characteristic dimension

Key

1	characteristic dimension
2	path of rotor tip

Bibliography