ISO 28590:2017 属性による検査のためのサンプリング手順—属性による検査のためのサンプリングのためのISO2859シリーズの規格の紹介 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 69, Applications of statistical methods, Subcommittee SC 5, Acceptance sampling.

This first edition of ISO 28590 cancels and replaces ISO 2859-10:2006, of which it constitutes a minor revision to change the reference number from 2859-10 to 28590.

With the view to achieve a more consistent portfolio, TC 69/SC 5 has simultaneously renumbered the following standards, by means of minor revisions:

Cross references between the above listed documents have been corrected in the minor revisions.

A list of all documents in the new ISO 28590 - ISO 28599 series of International Standards can be found on the ISO website.

Introduction

This general introduction to the ISO 2859 acceptance sampling series describes the attribute sampling schemes and plans set forth in ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-2, ISO 2859-3, ISO 2859-4 and ISO 2859-5. This introduction treats the subject of sampling inspection by attributes in a general way, introducing the essential operating procedures and the ways in which the systems were designed to be used. To understand fully the concepts and their applications, it is necessary to consult ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-2, ISO 2859-3, ISO 2859-4, ISO 2859-5 and ISO/TR 8550-1.

The individual parts of this series of international standards extend this introductory explanation to more specific applications that are appropriate for the particular standard.

It is emphasized that ISO 2859-1 provides sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL). The quality measure used can be percent nonconforming or the number of nonconformities per 100 items. ISO 2859-1 was developed primarily for the inspection of a continuing series of lots all originating from the same production or servicing process. In this situation, adequate protection (or the maximum process average percent nonconforming) is maintained by use of the switching rule from normal to tightened inspection should a certain (limiting) number of unacceptable lots be found in a short series of successive lots.

ISO 2859-2 provides sampling plans applicable for use when individual or isolated lots are to be sampled. These sampling plans are in many instances identical to those in ISO 2859-1. The tables of sampling plans in ISO 2859-2 include information regarding the quality level required to assure a high probability of lot acceptance.

ISO 2859-3 provides skip‑lot procedures for use when the process quality is markedly superior to the AQL for a defined long period of delivery or observation. When the quality level is in this state of excellence, it is sometimes more economical to use ISO 2859-3 than to use the reduced sampling procedure of ISO 2859-1. Like ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-3 is applicable to a continuing series of lots from a single source.

ISO 2859-4 provides a procedure that may be used to verify a quality level that has been declared for some entity. This function is not appropriate for the other parts of the series. The main reason for this is that those procedures have been indexed in terms of quality levels that are relevant solely for the purpose of acceptance sampling, and the various risks have been balanced appropriately. The procedures in ISO 2859-4 have been developed in response to the need for sampling procedures suitable for formal, systematic inspections such as reviews or audits.

ISO 2859-5 provides a method of establishing sequential sampling plans of discriminatory power essentially equivalent to that of corresponding plans of ISO 2859-1.

A complementary system of sampling plans for inspection by variables, also indexed by AQL, is provided by the ISO 3951 series, Samplingproceduresforinspectionbyvariables.

1 Scope

This International Standard provides a general introduction to acceptance sampling by attributes and provides a brief summary of the attribute sampling schemes and plans used in ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-2, ISO 2859-3, ISO 2859-4 and ISO 2859-5, which describe specific types of attribute sampling systems. It also provides guidance on the selection of the appropriate inspection system for use in a particular situation.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-2, ISO 2859-3, ISO 2859-4, ISO 2859-5, ISO 3534-1 and ISO 3534-2 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography