ISO 37168:2022 スマート コミュニティ インフラストラクチャ — 電気、コネクテッド、自動運転車 (eCAV) によるスマート輸送に関するガイダンスと、共有車両を使用したオンデマンド対応の旅客サービスへの適用 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities, Subcommittee SC 2, Sustainable cities and communities - Sustainable mobility and transportation.

Introduction

Public transport using Electric, Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (eCAVs) will be a solution to a range of problems, including passenger need for flexible, demand-responsive transport options and a shortage of drivers in ageing societies.

5G cellular and WLAN technologies provide the necessary vehicle-to-network (V2N), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications that assist the navigation of autonomous buses.

However, autonomous buses that are wirelessly connected and driverless also address key environmental and road safety considerations in busy and polluted urban areas and therefore are likely to have a significant role in a future transport system. In particular, they can:

• provide comfortable and convenient transport for everyone, especially the young, elderly and disabled;
• reduce congestion and time lost to slow moving traffic, increasing efficiency;
• manage travel demand, relieve parking and optimise the use of road space;
• reduce carbon emissions, pollution and noise in and between cities, promoting health and well-being;
• make cities more attractive and productive places, able to grow sustainably.

Technology that supports small autonomous vehicles such as pods, one of the Low-Speed Autonomous Transport Systems (L-SATS), for intra-city passenger transport also lends itself to local delivery services. Autonomous delivery pods are designed to carry parcels, groceries and food, making local distribution faster and more cost-efficient.

Key obstacles to the introduction of autonomous bus and delivery pod services include the ability to introduce autonomous vehicles among regular bus services and manually driven vehicles. Therefore, many autonomous experiments have been increasingly sophisticated bus services on fixed, short routes around safe, off- and on-road spaces.

While trials and pilot schemes exist, they have not been at a scale that really demonstrates the extent to which eCAVs can form the basis of a genuine public transport service.

Nevertheless, a strategic city focus plus open innovation should form the basis of intelligent demand-responsive mobility that offers seamless journeys across multi-modal travel options that include autonomous buses. Key advantages of such transport systems, include:

• adaptability, i.e. eCAVs fit the environment and travel needs of passengers;
• flexible routing and demand responsive journeys;
• real-time information across transport infrastructures;
• city-scale functionality and integration;
• safer and more accessible public transportation.

Rapidly developing pilot projects on autonomous buses can serve the development of smart transportation that helps reach these goals. This document aims to signpost the way towards these goals and offer some focus for the collaborative development of international standards for autonomous public transport services.

ISO Guide 82 has been taken into account in the development of this document with regards to addressing sustainability issues.

1 Scope

This document provides guidance on the staged implementation of Electric, Connected and Autonomous Vehicle (eCAV) passenger and delivery services, with a special focus on on-demand responsive passenger services with shared vehicles. This document aims to accelerate innovation and deliver smart transportation by eCAV, in and between cities.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography