ISO 4791-1:1985 実験装置—本質的にガラス、磁器、または石英ガラスから作られた装置に関連する用語, 語彙—パート1：装置のアイテムの名前 | ページ 2

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.

International Standard ISO 4791/1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 48, Laboratory glassware and related apparatus.

Scope and field of application

This part of ISO 4791 lists the names of items of laboratory apparatus, made essentially from glass, porcelain or vitreous silica, together with items of equipment, made from other materials, which are commonly used in association with such apparatus.

A vocabulary of technical terms, with their definitions and applicable to the manufacture, adjustment and use of such laboratory apparatus, will be issued as Part 2.

The purpose of the vocabulary is to provide an aid to translators and readers of scientific literature. Because of the need to translate older documents, certain items of equipment now regarded as obsolete have been included.

Explanatory Notes

Wherever possible, an item is accompanied by a diagram and, if its use is obscure, by additional notes or references to the appropriate specifications which describe the apparatus in detail. In some cases, the drawings show only one example of the several possible items of equipment known by the given name.

The drawings are not to a uniform scale and are given to facilitate identification: they should not be regarded as standardized in any way. In some cases inclusion of a drawing has been thought unnecessary.

Where an item is known by more than one name, the preferred name is given first followed by the alternative name(s) in parentheses.

The vocabulary is arranged in nine main sections each containing apparatus for a particular purpose. The sections are divided into subsections containing a particular type of apparatus used for the main purpose. Where a sub-section contains a large number of items (e.g. 3.05), items of equipment used for a particular purpose are grouped together.

Items of apparatus having a specific purpose are listed in the subsection dealing with that purpose and not in a more general subsection. For example, distillation flasks are found in sub-section 3.05"Distillation" and not in sub-section 2.04"Flasks for general purposes", but a cross-reference to sub-section 3.05 is given against sub-section 2.04 in the list of sections and sub-sections: the crossreferences are intended to help users of the vocabulary to find items intended for specific purposes.

The vocabulary has a multilingual index of the items of apparatus and of the proper names used to identify some of the items.

In order to simplify the vocabulary, commonly used descriptions, which do not give difficulty in translation, have been omitted from the names of items. A list is given on the facing page:

with one or more bulbs

narrow or wide mouth

with or without lid

with or without neck

with one or more necks

stoppered or unstoppered

with or without bottom outlet

with or without spout

with or without side arm

straight or bent

graduated or ungraduated

List of sections and sub-sections