ISO 8368:2019 水力測定 — 構造物を使用したオープンチャネルでの流量測定 — 構造物の選択に関するガイドライン | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry, Subcommittee SC 2, Flow measurement structures.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 8368:1999), which has been technically revised.

The main changes from the previous edition are:

• the list of types of structure included in the text has been reviewed and the details of any structure that is no longer recommended for use have been removed;
• the technical details of all structures included in the text have been reviewed and updated where necessary;
• greater detail has been given to the considerations needed when evaluating the whole life cost of a structure;
• greater detail has also been given to the considerations needed when evaluating the impact of a structure on the environment, and the natural processes occurring in the channel.

Introduction

Flow measuring structures are used worldwide to measure liquid flow in artificial channels in water treatment facilities, research laboratories and natural watercourses. The number of weirs and structures found in the artificial environment far exceeds the number of those found in the field. Whatever the application, however, the information they provide is put to a variety of uses, including:

• hydraulic research and liquid flow control;
• local specific water availability surveys;
• day-to-day management of water resources;
• waste water disposal;
• long-term strategic water resources planning.

The flow information is also used by government-sponsored environmental protection agencies that manage the natural water resources in a country or region and enforce environmental legislation. This is intended to maintain and preserve water quantity and quality in the natural environment.

Flow measuring structures can be installed by any interested party or user. This could be an environmental protection agency or private operator, such as a commercial organization or an individual. The user is therefore faced with the choice of which form of measuring structure to install. This document gives advice on which type of structure is the most appropriate to satisfy the needs of the application, within all other relevant constraints and limitations.

The technical detail given on each type of structure is, by intention, couched in simple terms. This is so that the non-specialist user can gain an understanding of what is involved in the selection and installation of flow measuring structures, without the need for an in-depth knowledge of fluid hydraulics. Hence, the document does not cover:

• the detailed hydraulics of operation of each type of structure;
• the detailed civil engineering requirements to be met during its construction.

The user is therefore directed to the specific standards that relate to each type of structure for this level of detail. These are listed in the Bibliography and given in Tables 1 and 3 and Figure 1. In this way, the user can be ensured of the most up-to-date details on the hydraulics of operation of each type of structure.

1 Scope

This document gives guidelines for selecting a particular type of flow measuring structure for measuring liquid flow in an open channel. It describes how the individual structures function in simple non-technical terms, and sets out the factors and parameters to take into account in order to make an informed decision on which type of structure to use.

Values of the relevant parameters describing the limitations and uncertainty involved in the use of these structures are given in this document. More definitive details of a particular type of structure are given in the individual standards listed in Table 1, which cover each type of structure.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography