ISO 8421-1:1987 防火—用語, 語彙—パート1：一般的な用語と火災の現象 | ページ 2

1.1

arson

Fire originated by malicious intent.

1.2

auto-ignition

self-ignition

spontaneous ignition

Ignition resulting from self-heating.

1.3

auto-ignition temperature

self-ignition temperature

spontaneous-ignition temperature

Minimum temperature at which a material will ignite spontaneously under specified test conditions.

1.4

burn (verb)

To undergo combustion.

1.5

burning behaviour

All the physical and/or chemical changes that take place when a material, product and/or structure burns or is exposed to fire.

1.6

bursting

Violent rupture of an object due to overpressure and/or stress within it or upon it.

1.7

calorific potential

See"heat of combustion".

1.8

chimney effect

Upward thrust of hot gases and smoke by convection currents confined within a vertical enclosure.

1.9

combustible

Capable of burning.

1.10

combustion

Exothermic reaction of a combustible substance with an oxidizer, usually accompanied by flames, and/or glowing and/or emission of smoke.

1.11

deflagration

Explosion propagating at subsonic velocity.

1.12

detonation

Explosion propagating at supersonic velocity and characterized by a shock wave.

1.13

explosion

Abrupt oxidation or decomposition reaction producing an increase in temperature, pressure or in both simultaneously.

1.14

fire

Note 1 to entry: These two definitions have different terms in French for “fire” in English.

1.15

fire classification

1.16

fire danger

Concept including both fire hazard (q.v.) and fire risk (q.v.).

1.17

fire hazard

Consequences of the event if fire occurs.

1.18

fire integrity

Ability of a separating element of building construction, when exposed to fire on one side, to prevent the passage of flames and hot gases or the occurrence of flames on the unexposed side, for a stated period of time in a standard fire resistance test.

1.19

fire load

Calorific energy, expressed in SI units, of the whole contents contained in a space, including the facings of the walls, partitions, floors and ceilings.

1.20

fire load density

Fire load divided by floor area.

1.21

fire prevention

Measures to prevent the outbreak of a fire and/or to limit its effects.

1.22

fire procedure plan

Preplanning of human and material means to be put into action inside a building or a plant, in order to counter any fire.

1.23

fire protection

Design features, systems, equipment, buildings, or other structures to reduce danger to persons and property by detecting, extinguishing or containing fires.

1.24

fire resistance

Ability of an element of building construction, component or structure to fulfill, for a stated period of time, the required stability, fire integrity and/or thermal insulation and/or other expected duty in a standard fire resistance test.

Note 1 to entry: The designation"fire resistant” given to an element implies that this element fulfills the requirements of the relevant standard fire test.

1.25

fire resistance of a separating element

Ability of an element to provide simultaneous fire integrity, fire stability and thermal insulation in a standard fire resistance test.

1.26

fire risk

Probability of a fire occurring.

1.27

fire security routine inspection

Check at regular intervals of the fire prevention and fire protection arrangements.

1.28

fire stability

Ability of an element of building construction, load-bearing or not, to resist collapse for a stated period of time under test conditions in a standard fire resistance test.

1.29

flammable

Capable of burning with a flame.

1.30.1

Lower Flammable Limit

LFL

Minimum concentration of vapour-to-air below which propagation of a flame will not occur in the presence of an ignition source.

1.30.2

Upper Flammable Limit

UFL

Maximum vapourto-air concentration above which propagation of a flame will not occur.