ISO 8611-2:2021 マテリアルハンドリング用パレット—フラットパレット—パート2：性能要件とテストの選択 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives ).

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51, Pallets for unit load method of materials handling, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 261, Packaging, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8611-2:2011), which has been technically revised.

The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

• Separate performance/deflection limits for the internal and external spans were specified for test 2a and 2b.
• It was clarified that test 5 applies for both twin track conveyors and narrow span beam racking.
• It was clarified in Table 2, that test 4a,b should be conducted for a pallet without racking or stacking but only on the top deck.
• The determination of nominal load was clarified in Table 3.

A list of all parts in the ISO 8611 series can be found on the ISO website.

Introduction

The forces to which pallets are exposed during use vary significantly. The test procedures described in ISO 8611-1 are approximate simulations of pallet use. These tests help the pallet designer to establish an initial acceptable balance between the cost and the performance of a pallet design. It is intended that all results of tests performed using this protocol be confirmed and verified using field trials before publication of performance or the commercial implementation of a new pallet design.

The nominal load, determined according to this test protocol, does not represent a payload and cannot be verified using field trials. The nominal load is a minimum payload level for use in determining maximum working load according to the procedures in ISO 8611-3. The maximum working load can be verified for a specified payload and intended use, using field trials. It is intended that the publication of the maximum working load include a description of the payload and the intended modes of use of the pallet.

It is essential to exercise care when comparing the results of tests with historic experience using existing pallet designs. User expectations of pallet performance vary. Some require greater and some accept lower levels of performance. Users are accepting different levels of risk when using pallets. Because of the varied performance expectations of pallet users, it is possible that the results of tests do not always reflect the user's perception of pallet performance in use.

It is possible that the nominal load does not reflect users' perception of pallet performance because the nominal load does not represent a payload. It is intended that maximum working loads be used to compare with the historic performance of existing pallet designs.

Regarding the use of the ISO 8611 series,

• ISO 8611-1 describes the test methods,
• this document describes the performance requirements and selection of tests, and
• ISO 8611-3 describes tests for determining maximum working loads for known payloads.

ISO 8611-1 and this document are required for determining nominal load. The nominal load is the lowest safe load value for the specified support conditions, independent of the type of load (excluding concentrated loads).

ISO 8611-1, this document and ISO 8611-3 are required for determining maximum working loads for known payloads.

The nominal load for the intended use is established by the selection of tests in ISO 8611-1 and the performance requirement is established from criteria in this document.

The following three types of intended use with specified support conditions are specified:

• handling of loaded pallets with racking and stacking;
• handling of loaded pallets without racking;
• handling of loaded pallets without racking or stacking.

To determine the maximum working load through testing given in ISO 8611-3, the deflection under the known payload cannot exceed the limiting deflection (see ISO 8611-3:2011, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4) established in ISO 8611-1 and this document. The maximum working load is the greatest payload that a pallet can be permitted to carry in a specific loading and support condition.

Guidance is given in ISO 8611-3:2011, Annex A as to the general effect on performance of different load types and stabilization methods. These can only give guidance as to the likely result from tests with the known payload.

Other tests for durability evaluation are specified in ISO 8611-1.

1 Scope

This document specifies the performance requirements to establish nominal loads for new flat pallets.

It also specifies the tests required for new flat pallets in various handling environments and the performance requirements for tests with payloads. This document does not apply to pallets with a fixed superstructure or a rigid, self-supporting container that can be mechanically attached to the pallet and which contributes to the strength of the pallet.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography