ISO 9022-23:2016 光学およびフォトニクス—環境試験方法—パート23：低温、周囲温度、および乾熱または湿熱と組み合わせた低圧 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 172 Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 1 Fundamental standards.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9022-23:2013), which has been undergone a minor revision to reflect the changes made to the ISO 9022 series. The term"low pressure" is now used throughout the whole document where previously the term"low air pressure" was used.

ISO 9022 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and photonics — Environmental test methods:

• Part 1: Definitions, extent of testing
• Part 2: Cold, heat and humidity
• Part 3: Mechanical stress
• Part 4: Salt mist
• Part 6: Dust
• Part 7: Resistance to drip or rain
• Part 8: High internal pressure, low internal pressure, immersion
• Part 9: Solar radiation and weathering
• Part 11: Mould growth
• Part 12: Contamination
• Part 14: Dew, hoarfrost, ice
• Part 17: Combined contamination, solar radiation
• Part 20: Humid atmosphere containing sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfide
• Part 22: Combined cold, dry heat or temperature change with bump or random vibration
• Part 23: Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature and dry or damp heat

Introduction

Optical instruments are affected during their use by a number of different environmental parameters which they are required to resist without significant reduction in performance and to remain within defined specifications.

The type and severity of these parameters depend on the conditions of use of the instrument (for example, in the laboratory or workshop) and on its geographical location. The environmental effects on optical instrument performance in the tropics and subtropics are totally different from those found when they are used in arctic regions. Individual parameters cause a variety of different and overlapping effects on instrument performance.

The manufacturer attempts to ensure, and the user naturally expects, that instruments will resist the likely rigours of their environment throughout their life. This expectation can be assessed by exposure of the instrument to a range of simulated environmental parameters under controlled laboratory conditions. The severity of these conditions is often increased to obtain meaningful results in a relatively short period of time.

In order to allow assessment and comparison of the response of optical instruments to appropriate environmental conditions, ISO 9022 contains details of a number of laboratory tests which reliably simulate a variety of different environments. The tests are based largely on IEC standards, modified where necessary to take into account features special to optical instruments.

As a result of continuous progress in all fields, optical instruments are no longer only precision-engineered optical products, but, depending on their range of application, also contain additional assemblies from other fields. For this reason, the principal function of the instrument is to be assessed to determine which International Standard should be used for testing. If the optical function is of primary importance, then ISO 9022 is applicable, but if other functions take precedence, then the appropriate International Standard in the field concerned should be applied. Cases may arise where application of both ISO 9022 and other appropriate International Standards will be necessary.

1 Scope

This part of ISO 9022 specifies the methods relating to the environmental tests of optical instruments including additional assemblies from other fields (e.g. mechanical, chemical, and electronic devices), under equivalent conditions, for their ability to resist the influence of low pressure combined with cold, including the potential condensation and freezing of moisture, ambient temperature, and dry or damp heat.

This part of ISO 9022 is applicable to optical instruments including additional assemblies from other fields, designed for operation and/or transport in high mountainous areas or on board aircraft or missiles.

The purpose of the testing is to investigate to what extent optical, climatic, mechanical, chemical, and electrical (including electrostatic) performance characteristics of the specimen are affected by combined low pressure and low, ambient, or high temperature. Furthermore, the additional effects of moisture condensing and freezing on the instrument or components can be determined. Examples are instruments which are installed or externally mounted on aircraft or missiles or transported inside aircraft or flying objects not providing any pressure equalization.

Annex A explains the intent of the different types of tests.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

Bibliography