ISO/TR 12134:2010 ゴム—試験方法の不確かさの推定—非機能パラメータ | ページ 2

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO/TR 12134 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis.

Introduction

It is now a requirement that laboratories accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 ^[2] take into account the measurement or calibration uncertainties associated with any work they have performed when assessing conformity of the material or product to a given specification. As there is an increasing requirement for traceability of measurement, more and more technical staff find themselves faced with the task of carrying out an uncertainty evaluation on their reported measurement results.

Currently, the primary source document for guidance on measurement uncertainty is ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 ^[1] , to which the interested reader is referred for details.

Eurolab Technical Report No. 1/2007 ^[5] is a very useful guide to alternative approaches to uncertainty evaluation, whilst ISO/TS 21748 ^[3] gives guidance on the use of repeatability/reproducibility data for uncertainty estimation.

1 Scope

This Technical Report provides guidance to scientists, engineers and technicians, working in the field of rubber materials and products, to supplement ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and to provide additional guidance in situations where functional relationships between input quantities (such as temperature, strain rate and time) and derived output quantities (such as tensile strength and compression set) are unknown and where no other guidance is available.

This Technical Report provides a summary of the classical approach that is taken in the preparation of uncertainty budgets and provides in Clause 4 a list of selected test methods and, for each, an indication of the factors that will make a contribution to the uncertainty budget. Clause 5 discusses how “non-functional” factors can be taken into account in the classical approach.

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