ISO/TR 20590:2021 宇宙システム—打ち上げビークル軌道ステージのスペースデブリ軽減設計および操作マニュアル | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 20590:2017), which has been technically revised.

The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

• text has been updated to be aligned with ISO 24113:2019;
• information has been added that the total number of structural elements and orbital stages is limited according to the number of payloads;
• information has been added that the ejection of slag debris from solid rocket motors is limited newly in low Earth orbit in addition to GEO previously;
• information relating to collision avoidance against catalogued space objects has been improved;
• corresponding to the new requirement limiting the total probability of successful disposal to be at least 0,9, the state of the art to confirm the compliance with that taken in the world space industries and national agencies has been added;
• other information relating to the changes in ISO 24113 has been added.

Introduction

Coping with debris is essential to preventing the deterioration of the orbital environment and ensuring the sustainability of space activities. Effective actions can also be taken to ensure the safety of those on the ground from re-entering objects that were disposed of from Earth orbit.

Recently, the orbital environment has become so deteriorated by debris that it is necessary to take actions to mitigate the generation of orbital debris in design and operation of both spacecraft and the launch vehicle orbital stages.

ISO 24113 and other ISO documents, introduced in Bibliography, were developed to encourage debris mitigation activities.

In Clause 5, information about the major space debris mitigation requirements is provided.

In Clause 6, information about life-cycle implementation of space-debris-mitigation-related activities is provided.

In Clause 7, the system level aspects stemming from the space debris mitigation requirements are highlighted; while in Clause 8, the impacts at subsystem and component levels are detailed.

This document provides comprehensive information on the requirements and recommendations from ISO documents for the design and operation of the launch vehicles.

1 Scope

This document contains information on the design and operational practices for launch vehicle orbital stages for mitigating space debris.

This document provides information to engineers on the requirements and recommendations in the space debris mitigation standards to reduce the growth of space debris by ensuring that launch vehicle orbital stages are designed, operated, and disposed of in a manner that prevents them from generating debris throughout their orbital lifetime.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 24113 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography