ISO/TS 14505-1:2007 熱環境の人間工学—車両の熱環境の評価—パート1：熱応力の評価の原理と方法 | ページ 2

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:

• an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote;
• an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote.

An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO/TS 14505-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment.

ISO/TS 14505 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles:

• Part 1: Principles and methods for assessment of thermal stress [Technical Specification]
• Part 2: Determination of equivalent temperature
• Part 3: Evaluation of thermal comfort using human subjects

Introduction

The interaction of convective, radiative and conductive heat exchange in a vehicle compartment is very complex. External thermal loads in combination with the internal heating and ventilation system of the vehicle create a local climate that can vary considerably in space and time. Asymmetric thermal conditions arise and these are often the main cause of complaints of thermal discomfort. In vehicles without or having a poor heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system (HVAC-system), thermal stress is determined largely by the impact of the ambient climatic conditions on the vehicle compartment. Subjective evaluation is integrative, as the individual combines into one reaction the combined effect of several thermal stimuli. However, it is not sufficiently detailed or accurate for repeated use. Technical measurements provide detailed and accurate information, but require integration in order to predict the thermal effects on humans. Since several climatic factors play a role for the final heat exchange of a person, an integrated measure of these factors, representing their relative importance, is required.

1 Scope

This part of ISO 14505 gives guidelines for the assessment of thermal stress inside vehicles used for land, sea and air operation. It offers information about the assessment of hot, cold as well as moderate thermal environments by referring to different methods, as specified in International Standards, and specifying the constraints and necessary adjustments needed for the special case of vehicle climate assessment.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13731 and the following apply.

Bibliography