ISO/TS 16840-12:2015 車椅子の座席 — Part 12: クッション包囲試験のための装置と方法 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs.

ISO 16840 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchair seating:

• Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and measures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces
• Part 2: Determination of physical and mechanical characteristics of devices intended to manage tissue integrity — Seat cushions
• Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices
• Part 4: Seating systems for use in motor vehicles
• Part 6: Simulated use and determination of the changes in properties — Seat cushions
• Part 10: Resistance to ignition of non-integrated seat and back support cushions — Requirements and test methods
• Part 11: Determination of perspiration dissipation characteristics of seat cushions intended to manage tissue integrity [Technical Specification]
• Part 12: Apparatus and method for cushion envelopment testing [Technical Specification]

The following parts are under preparation:

• Part 9: Clinical interface pressure mapping guidelines for seating [Technical Report]

Future parts dealing with methods for determining heat and water vapour characteristics and clinical guideline for the measurement of postural support surfaces and body segments are planned.

Introduction

This part of ISO 16840 provides details of test equipment and a method for the measurement of “performance” of a wheelchair cushion intended to use immersion and envelopment to reduce local areas of pressure (by effectively supporting more tissue). The primary elements that represent the basic cushioning effect of a cushion are immersion and envelopment. Immersion into the cushion (the depth that a body penetrates into the surface) and the envelopment of the body (the intimacy of the cushion to the body) combine to define the potential cushioning performance of the cushion. In this test, the distribution of forces across the surface of the indenter is evaluated with multiple indenter sizes and masses. The accommodation of the cushion to the changes in indenter size and mass are representative of the changes in size and mass of the occupant that can occur in the life of a wheelchair user or between different users.

Issues related to the use of devices that measure the forces between the body and a support surface (i.e. pressure mapping systems) have led to the use of an instrumented indenter, which has fewer sensors, but sensors which are high quality and exhibit repeatability, accuracy, and thus reliability.

1 Scope

This part of ISO 16840 specifies apparatus, test methods, and disclosure requirements for characterization of wheelchair seat cushion immersion and envelopment properties using instrumented indenters to characterize the interface pressure of each indenter and the test cushion by measuring the cushioning effects of immersion and envelopment. This part of ISO 16840 can be considered to expand the characterization of products intended to manage tissue integrity (ISO 16840-2) and provide a standardized indenter for other wheelchair seating tests. It does not provide information specific to cushion performance for a particular individual user.

This part of ISO 16840 includes a method that is specific to 220 mm and 255 mm indenters. Dimensions and loads are provided for the 380 mm indenter to allow for extension of the methods for bariatric applications.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

Bibliography