ISO 1070:2018 ハイドロメトリー  —  法面法 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1070:1992), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the amendment ISO 1070:1992/Amd.1:1997. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

• the document has been reorganized to first present two-section computations followed by multiple reach computations;
• a third governing formula has been added;
• three annexes have been added.

Introduction

The slope–area method is an indirect method of determining discharge in open channels when direct measurement of the flow is not possible because of the timing of the flow or because the site is too hazardous for direct measurement techniques. The method is usually used to document the discharge of a flood and to extend the stage–discharge rating of a stream flow gauging station above direct measurements of discharge. The method can also be used at locations where bridge, cableway or boat measurements are not possible. Water discharge is computed using flow resistance formulae based on channel characteristics, water-surface profiles, and a roughness or friction coefficient.

1 Scope

This document specifies a method of determining discharge in open channels from observations of the surface slope and cross-sectional area of the channel.

It is applicable to use under special conditions when direct measurement of discharge by typically more accurate methods, such as the velocity-area method, is not possible. Generally, the method can be used to determine discharge

• a) for a peak flow that left high-water marks along the stream banks,
• b) for a peak flow that left marks on a series of water-level gauges or where peak stages were recorded by that series of gauges, and
• c) for flow observed at the time of determining gauge heights from a series of gauges.

The method is commonly used to undertake the extension of stage–discharge relationships above the highest gauged flows.

It does not apply to determining discharges in tidal reaches.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography