ISO 14577-1:2015 金属材料—硬度と材料パラメータの計装インデンテーションテスト—パート1：テスト方法 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14577-1:2002), which has been technically revised.

ISO 14577 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials — Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters:

• Part 1: Test method
• Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines
• Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
• Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatings

Introduction

Hardness has typically been defined as the resistance of a material to permanent penetration by another harder material. The results obtained when performing Rockwell, Vickers, and Brinell tests are determined after the test force has been removed. Therefore, the effect of elastic deformation under the indenter has been ignored.

ISO 14577 (all parts) has been prepared to enable the user to evaluate the indentation of materials by considering both the force and displacement during plastic and elastic deformation. By monitoring the complete cycle of increasing and removal of the test force, hardness values equivalent to traditional hardness values can be determined. More significantly, additional properties of the material, such as its indentation modulus and elasto-plastic hardness, can also be determined. All these values can be calculated without the need to measure the indent optically. Furthermore, by a variety of techniques, the instrumented indentation test allows to record hardness and modulus depth profiles within a, probably complex, indentation cycle.

ISO 14577 (all parts) has been written to allow a wide variety of post-test data analysis.

1 Scope

This part of ISO 14577 specifies the method of instrumented indentation test for determination of hardness and other materials parameters for the following three ranges:

• macro range: 2 N ≤ F ≤ 30 kN;
• micro range: 2 N > F; h > 0,2 µm;
• nano range: h ≤ 0,2 µm.

For the nano range, the mechanical deformation strongly depends on the real shape of indenter tip and the calculated material parameters are significantly influenced by the contact area function of the indenter used in the testing machine. Therefore, careful calibration of both instrument and indenter shape is required in order to achieve an acceptable reproducibility of the materials parameters determined with different machines.

The macro and micro ranges are distinguished by the test forces in relation to the indentation depth.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the micro range has an upper limit given by the test force (2 N) and a lower limit given by the indentation depth of 0,2 µm.

The determination of hardness and other material parameters is given in Annex A.

At high contact pressures, damage to the indenter is possible. For this reason in the macro range, hardmetal indenters are often used. For test pieces with very high hardness and modulus of elasticity, permanent indenter deformation can occur and can be detected using suitable reference materials. It is necessary that its influence on the test result be taken into account.

This test method can also be applied to thin metallic and non-metallic coatings and non-metallic materials. In this case, it is recommended that the specifications in the relevant standards be taken into account (see also 6.3 and ISO 14577-4).

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

Bibliography