ISO 15270:2008 プラスチック — プラスチック廃棄物の回収とリサイクルに関するガイドライン | ページ 6

3.1

agglomerate

shredded and/or granulated plastics material in the form of particles which cling together

3.2

baling

process in which plastics waste is compacted and secured as a bundle to facilitate handling, storage and transportation

3.3

batch

quantity of material regarded as a single unit, and having a unique reference

Note 1 to entry: Batch is primarily a processing term.

3.4

biodegradation

degradation caused by biological activity, especially by enzymatic action, leading to a significant change in the chemical structure of a material

[SOURCE:ISO 16929:2002]

3.5

biological recycling

aerobic (composting) or anaerobic (digestion) treatment of biodegradable plastics waste under controlled conditions using micro-organisms to produce, in the presence of oxygen, stabilized organic residues, carbon dioxide and water or, in the absence of oxygen, stabilized organic residues, methane, carbon dioxide and water

3.6

collection

logistical process of moving plastics waste from its source to a place where it can be recovered

3.7

commingled plastics

mixture of materials or products consisting of different types of plastic

Note 1 to entry: The term “mixed plastics” is used synonymously.

3.8

contaminant

unwanted substance or material

Note 1 to entry: The term “impurity” is a deprecated synonym of contaminant and should not be used.

3.9

converter

specialized operator capable of shaping plastics raw material to make a usable semi-finished or finished product

3.10

depolymerization

chemical reversion of a polymer to its monomer(s) or to a polymer of lower relative molecular mass

[SOURCE:ISO 472:1999]

3.11

energy recovery

production of useful energy through direct and controlled combustion

Note 1 to entry: Solid-waste incinerators producing hot water, steam and/or electricity are a common form of energy recovery.

3.12

environmental aspect

element of an organization's activities or products or services that can interact with the environment

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2004]

3.13

environmental impact

any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization's environmental aspects

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2004]

3.14

feedstock recycling

conversion to monomer or production of new raw materials by changing the chemical structure of plastics waste through cracking, gasification or depolymerization, excluding energy recovery and incineration

Note 1 to entry: Feedstock recycling and chemical recycling are synonyms.

3.15

flake

plate-like regrind

Note 1 to entry: The shape of regrind depends both on the plastics being processed and the manner of processing.

3.16

fluff

filament-like regrind

Note 1 to entry: Common usage of the term “fluff” also includes shredder residue fractions produced in the commercial recycling of durable goods such as automobiles.

3.17

homogenizing

processing to improve the degree to which a constituent and/or property is uniformly distributed throughout a quantity of plastics material

[SOURCE:EN 14899:2005]

3.18

landfill

waste disposal site for the deposit of waste on to or into land under controlled or regulated conditions

3.19

lot

definite quantity of some commodity manufactured or produced under conditions that are presumed uniform

[SOURCE:ISO 472:1999]

Note 1 to entry: Lot is primarily a commercial term.

3.20

material recovery

material-processing operations including mechanical recycling, feedstock (chemical) recycling and organic recycling, but excluding energy recovery

3.21

mechanical recycling

processing of plastics waste into secondary raw material or products without significantly changing the chemical structure of the material

Note 1 to entry: Plastics secondary raw material is a synonym of recyclate.

3.22

micronizing

process by which a plastics material is ground into a fine powder

3.23

organic recycling

controlled microbiological treatment of biodegradable plastics waste under aerobic or anaerobic conditions

Note 1 to entry: The term “biological recycling” is used synonymously.

3.24

post-consumer

descriptive term covering material, generated by the end-users of products, that has fulfilled its intended purpose or can no longer be used (including material returned from within the distribution chain)

Note 1 to entry: The term “post-use” is sometimes used synonymously.

3.25

pre-consumer

descriptive term covering material diverted during a manufacturing process

Note 1 to entry: This term excludes re-utilized material, such as rework, regrind or scrap that has been generated in a given process and is capable of being reclaimed within that same process.

Note 2 to entry: The term “post-industrial material” is sometimes used synonymously.

3.26

purge material

material resulting from the passing of polymer through plastics processing equipment for the purpose of cleaning the equipment, or when changing from one polymer to another, or when changing from one colour or grade of polymer to another

3.27

recovered material

plastics material that has been separated, diverted or removed from the solid-waste stream in order to be recycled or used to substitute virgin raw materials

Note 1 to entry: See ISO 14021.

3.28

recovery

processing of plastics waste material for the original purpose or for other purposes, including energy recovery

3.29

recyclate

plastics material resulting from the recycling of plastics waste

Note 1 to entry: The terms “plastics secondary raw material”, “recycled plastics” and “regenerate” are sometimes used synonymously.

Note 2 to entry: As soon as the used plastics material has been treated in such a way that it is ready to replace a virgin product, material or substance in a production process, it loses its characteristics as waste.

3.30

recycling

processing of plastics waste materials for the original purpose or for other purposes, excluding energy recovery

3.31

regrind

shredded and/or granulated recovered plastics material in the form of free-flowing material

Note 1 to entry: The term “regrind” is frequently used to describe plastics material in the form of scrap generated in a plastics processing operation and re-used in-house. This term is also used to describe fine plastics powder used as filler in the recovery of plastics.

3.32

re-use

use of a product more than once in its original form

Note 1 to entry: In view of the fact that a re-used product has not been discarded, re-use does not constitute a recovery option.

3.33

shredding

any mechanical process by which plastics waste is fragmented into irregular pieces of any dimension or shape

Note 1 to entry: Shredding usually signifies the tearing or cutting of materials that cannot be crushed by fragmentation methods applicable to brittle materials, as typically carried out in a hammer mill.

3.34

waste

any material or object which the holder discards, or intends to discard, or is required to discard