ISO 20074:2019 石油および天然ガス産業—パイプライン輸送システム—陸上パイプラインの地質学的ハザードリスク管理 | ページ 6

3.1.1

construction phase

period where the pipeline is physically constructed encompassing all activities from RoW clearing, to commissioning and RoW clean-up/reinstatement

3.1.2

detailed design phase

period consisting of detailed design, which can include but is not limited to detailed hydraulic studies, mechanical design of the pipeline, stress analysis, design of RoW, full characterization of all identified geohazards, construction and logistics planning, and supply management

3.1.3

dynamic management

process that covers the pipeline’s full life cycle, which can be implemented when a new hazard is identified or an existing hazard changed

3.1.4

geohazard inventory

list of all identified geohazards which can be maintained, enhanced or decreased throughout the life of the pipeline project

Note 1 to entry: Ideally, the inventory would be computer based and linked to a Geographic Information System (GIS).

3.1.5

geohazard susceptibility

geological or environmental conditions that might allow a geohazard event to occur

Note 1 to entry: A geohazard event can be natural or man-made occurrence that induces an integrity or safety threat to the pipeline or RoW.

3.1.6

geologically sensitive area

area potentially prone to geohazards

3.1.7

hydrologic process

process associated with flowing water, i.e. river and stream processes

3.1.8

individual pipeline geohazard

specific geohazard that can impact the pipeline

3.1.9

land subsidence

sinking or gradual downward settling of the earth’s surface with relatively little horizontal movement

Note 1 to entry: It can be caused by karst processes, collapsible or dispersive soils, piping erosion, upward migration of underground mining works, or other processes.

3.1.10

long-term management

management activities for pipeline geohazards (3.1.15) through monitoring and periodic re-evaluation of threat levels from geohazards

3.1.11

mass wasting process

general term for the dislodgement and gravity-driven downslope movement or transport of soil and rock material

3.1.12

operation and maintenance phase

period in pipeline lifecycle during which hydrocarbon product fills the pipeline and is transported through the pipeline, and the pipeline operator addresses issues related to pipeline and RoW maintenance and integrity

3.1.13

operator

person or organization which owns or operates a pipeline system or facilities and which is responsible for the operation and integrity of the pipeline system

3.1.14

pipeline failure consequence

impact or loss caused directly or indirectly by leakage, damage or reduced performance of a pipeline subject to geohazards

Note 1 to entry: This includes individual pipeline geohazard and regional pipeline geohazard.

3.1.15

pipeline geohazard

geological process or phenomenon that have the potential to cause damage to a pipeline or RoW

3.1.16

pipeline geohazard risk

combination of geohazard susceptibility (3.1.5) , pipeline vulnerability (3.1.22) and pipeline failure consequence (3.1.14)

3.1.17

pipeline geohazard risk assessment

process of determining whether pipeline geohazard risks (3.1.16) are acceptable or require mitigation or an intervention

3.1.18

pipeline geohazard risk identification

process of discovery, characterization and description of credible and probable geohazards that can impact the pipeline or RoW

3.1.19

pipeline geohazard risk management

coordinated activity for guiding and coping with issues related to pipeline geohazard risk (3.1.16)

3.1.20

pipeline geohazard risk management program

set of processes and procedures for guiding operating companies or operators (3.1.13) to carry out pipeline geohazard risk management (3.1.19)

3.1.21

pipeline geohazard risk mitigation

process of selecting and implementing a geohazard risk countermeasure or intervention to reduce the probability of a negative event or reduce the consequences of a negative event that can impact the pipeline or RoW

3.1.22

pipeline vulnerability

conditional likelihood of a pipeline being subject to damage due to a geohazard, given a geohazard occurs and impacts the pipeline, which is an estimate of how resistant it is to damage caused by geohazards

3.1.23

preliminary engineering and route selection phase

initial period in the pipeline lifecycle during which basic design work is completed, including but not limited to route study and selection, preliminary design of the pipeline, early planning for logistics, supply management and regulatory planning and submissions

3.1.24

regional pipeline geohazard

group or cluster of existing and potential geohazards located within a defined geographic area

3.1.25

right-of-way

corridor of land within which the pipeline operator has the right to conduct activities in accordance with the agreement of the land owner

[SOURCE:ISO 13623:2017, 3.1.19]

3.1.26

seismic hazard

hazard occurring as a result of an earthquake

3.1.27

subject matter expert

SME

practitioner experienced with evaluating and managing geohazards

Note 1 to entry: The qualifications for a subject matter expert vary by location but they generally include a degree in geology, geomorphology, hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering, geological engineering, civil engineering, or related degree and at least five years of practical experience working with geohazards.