ISO 22846-2:2012 落下から保護するための個人用機器 — ロープアクセスシステム — Part 2: 行動規範 | ページ 5

2.1

aid climbing

method of progression in suspension, either by moving from one fixed anchor to another or by the use of moveable anchors or anchor points

2.2

anchor

fixture or place for the attachment of lines or persons

2.3

anchor line

flexible rope line connected, at one end at least, to an anchor so as to provide a means of support or other safeguard for a person

Note 1 to entry: An anchor line may be a working line or a safety line.

2.4

anchor point

attachment point at an anchor for anchor lines or persons

2.5

anchor sling

sling, strop or lanyard made from textiles, wire rope or chain, which is used to provide an anchor point, such as for anchor lines, to anchors to which it is not possible to connect directly

2.6

ascender

rope adjustment device which, whenever attached to an anchor line of appropriate type and diameter, locks under load in one direction and slides freely in the opposite direction

2.7

back-up device

rope adjustment device for a safety line of appropriate type and diameter, which accompanies the user during changes of position or allows adjustment of the length of the safety line, and which locks automatically to the safety line or only allows gradual movement along it, whenever a sudden load is applied in one direction

Note 1 to entry: The event of a fall is an example of when a sudden load is likely to be applied in one direction.

Note 2 to entry: Some back-up devices have the additional capacity to control energy in the event of a fall.

2.8

competent person

designated person suitably trained or qualified by knowledge and practical experience to enable the required task or tasks to be carried out properly

2.9

connector

openable device used to connect components, which enables the user to link himself/herself directly or indirectly to an anchor

Note 1 to entry: Common items are carabiners, but may also include shackles, screw link connectors and other suitable items.

2.10

descender

manually operated, friction-inducing, rope-adjustment device, which, whenever attached to an anchor line of appropriate type and diameter, allows the user to achieve a controlled descent and to stop with hands off anywhere on the anchor line

2.11

double protection

method for protecting an operative against falls from a height, whereby two separate and independent connections are made from the operative’s harness to anchor lines or the structure, such that the failure of any one connection does not lead to a catastrophic failure or fall

2.12

dynamic rope

rope specifically designed to absorb energy in a fall by stretching, thereby minimizing the impact force

2.13

fall arrest system

personal fall protection system for work at a height by which a fall is intended to be arrested to prevent the collision of the user with the ground or structure

2.14

fall factor

length of a potential fall divided by the length of rope or lanyard available to arrest it

2.15

free fall

fall where there is no or only minimal collision with any obstruction and where there is no or only minimal resistance to the effect of gravity

2.16

harness

arrangement of straps, fittings, buckles or other elements suitably designed to support the body and provide attachment points for the working line and safety line for rope access work

2.17

hierarchy of controls

process of hazard controls whereby a hazard, once identified and assessed for likelihood and severity, is controlled by elimination or, if this is not possible, is controlled or mitigated in a manner that seeks to provide the most effective and practical outcome, whilst relying as little as possible on user intervention or action

2.18

kernmantel rope

textile rope consisting of a core enclosed by a sheath

Note 1 to entry: The core is usually the main load-bearing element and typically consists of parallel elements, which have been drawn and turned together in single or multiple layers, or of braided elements. The sheath is generally braided or woven and protects the core from, for example, external abrasion and ultraviolet degradation.

2.19

lanyard

line or sling used to connect a harness to a safety line, working line or anchor

Note 1 to entry: Also known as a cow's tail.

2.20

lead climbing

method of progression, not in suspension, in which the operative is supported by the structure and is protected by a safety line, which is passed through intermediate anchors

Note 1 to entry: The safety line is passed through an independently anchored fall protection device, which is operated by another person, and by which a fall can be arrested with a limited force.

2.21

limited free fall

free fall not greater than 600 mm and with an impact force not exceeding 6 kN

2.22

low-stretch rope

textile rope with lower stretch and, therefore, less energy absorption than a dynamic rope

Note 1 to entry: Sometimes known as a “semi-static rope”.

2.23

method statement

document, prepared by a manager, which describes how a particular job (or type of job where several jobs are essentially identical) should be undertaken to ensure that any risks to the health and safety of the operatives, or others who can be affected, are minimized

Note 1 to entry: The method statement may equally describe how a particular type of job ここで, several jobs are essentially identical, should be undertaken.

Note 2 to entry: It is also known in some jurisdictions as safety method statement, work method statement or safe work method statement and may form part of documents, such as job safety and environment analysis. Other similar terms may be used in some jurisdictions.

2.24

restraint

technique whereby a person is prevented by means of a harness and other devices from reaching zones where the risk of a fall from a height exists

2.25

rope access

technique using ropes, normally incorporating two separately secured systems, one as a means of access and the other as back-up security, used with a harness in combination with other devices, for getting to and from the place of work and for work positioning

2.26

rope access manager

person who may define and operate a safe system of work applicable to all worksites

2.27

rope access supervisor

person who may implement a safe rope access working system for a particular worksite and supervise operatives undertaking specific rope access tasks

2.28

safety line

anchor line provided as a safeguard against falls

2.29

screwlink connector

connector that is closed by a threaded sleeve, which is a load-bearing part of the connector whenever fully screwed up

2.30

sentry

person responsible for keeping watch to safeguard the anchorage areas and/or the area of ground below or above the operatives

2.31

traversing

broadly horizontal progression, generally using lead climbing or aid climbing techniques or transverse ropes or pulley systems

2.32

work positioning

technique that enables a person to work while supported in tension or suspension in such a way that a fall from a height is prevented or restricted

2.33

working line

anchor line used primarily for suspension, work positioning and restraint, including descending and ascending