ISO 24817:2017 石油、石油化学、天然ガス産業—配管の複合修理—認定と設計、設置、テスト、検査 | ページ 6

3.1

anisotropic

exhibiting different physical properties in different directions

3.2

Barcol hardness

measure of surface hardness using a surface impresser

3.3

blister

air void between layers within the laminate visible on the surface as a raised area

3.4

composite

thermoset resin system that is reinforced by fibres

3.5

crack

split in the laminate extending through the wall (perpendicular to the surface) such that there is actual separation with opposite surfaces visible

3.6

cure

curing

setting of a thermosetting resin system, such as polyester or epoxy, by an irreversible chemical reaction

3.7

cure schedule

time-temperature profile qualified to generate a specified T_g or HDT

3.8

defect type A

defect within the substrate, not through-wall and not expected to become through-wall within the repair design lifetime of the repair system

3.9

defect type B

through-wall defect or a defect within the substrate where at the end of service life the remaining wall thickness is less than 1 mm

3.10

defined lifetime

actual application or service lifetime of the repair

3.11

delamination

area between the repair laminate and the substrate which should be bonded together but where no bond exists, or an area of separation between layers in the repair laminate

3.12

design lifetime

maximum application lifetime of the repair

3.13

differential scanning calorimetry

DSC

method of determining the glass transition temperature of a thermosetting resin

3.14

dry spot or un-impregnated/dry fibre

area of fibre not impregnated with resin, with bare, exposed fibre visible

3.15

engineered repair

repair which has been designed and applied under a specified, controlled process so that under the design conditions, there is a high degree of confidence that the repair will maintain its integrity over the design lifetime

3.16

exposed fibre

area of fibre not impregnated with resin that projects from the body of the repair

3.17

foreign matter

any substance other than the reinforcing fibre or other materials that form part of the repair system

3.18

finishing materials

final layer of material to help compact the repair laminate, typically a polymeric film or a fabric

Note 1 to entry: They should be fully removed after the repair has hardened and before the repair is inspected or painted.

3.19

glass transition temperature

temperature at which a resin undergoes a marked change in physical properties

3.20

hardener

component added to a thermosetting resin to effect cure

3.21

heat distortion temperature

HDT

temperature at which a standard test bar deflects by a specified amount under a given load

3.22

installer

person who is qualified to apply a composite repair system

3.23

filler material

material used to repair external surface imperfections prior to the application of the composite laminate

3.24

laminate

repair laminate

part of a repair system that is the composite

Note 1 to entry: Most composites considered in this document are composed of discrete lamina or layers which are wrapped or stacked, one on top of the other. This stacked construction is the laminate.

3.25

layer

individual layer or wrap within the composite laminate

3.26

leak

condition of a substrate wall that can allow the contents to make contact with and act directly upon the (composite) repair laminate

Note 1 to entry: This does not refer to a fluid leaking through a hole or breach in the substrate.

3.27

occasional load

load that occurs rarely and during a short time

Note 1 to entry: Occasional loads typically occur less than 10 times in the life of the component and each load duration is less than 30 min.

3.28

owner

organization that owns or operates the substrate to be repaired

3.29

pin hole

pin-prick hole in the resin rich surface, not extending into the laminate

3.30

pipeline

pipe with components subject to the same design conditions used to transport fluids between plants

Note 1 to entry: Components include bends, flanges and valves.

3.31

pipework

interconnected piping subject to the same set or sets of design conditions

3.32

piping

piping system

assemblies of piping components used to convey fluids within a plant

Note 1 to entry: Components include pipe, fittings, flanges, gaskets, bolting and valves. A piping system is often above ground but sometimes buried.

3.33

pit

depression in the surface of the laminate

3.34

ply

single wrap or layer (lamina) of a repair laminate

3.35

post cure

additional elevated-temperature cure applied after resin has hardened to ensure the required glass transition temperature is achieved

3.36

qualification application procedure

application procedure used to apply the repair system for the qualification tests

3.37

qualification test temperature

test temperature at which qualification testing of the repair system is performed

3.38

reinforcement

fibre embedded in the resin system

Note 1 to entry: Possible fibre materials include aramid, carbon, glass, polyester, or similar materials. Reinforcement results in mechanical properties superior to those of the base resin.

3.39

repair system

system comprised of the substrate, composite material (repair laminate), filler material, adhesive and including surface preparation and installation methods, used for repair of pipework

3.40

repair system installer

company that installs the repair system

3.41

repair system supplier

company that designs and supplies the repair system

3.42

resin system

all of the components that make up the matrix portion of a composite

Note 1 to entry: Often this includes a resin, filler(s), pigment, mechanical property modifiers and catalyst or hardener.

3.43

risk

event encompassing what can happen (scenario), its likelihood (probability) and its level or degree of damage (consequences)

3.44

substrate

surface on which a repair is carried out

Note 1 to entry: The surface may belong to original pipework, pipework component, pipeline, tank, or vessel.

3.45

supervisor

experienced installer who is qualified by successfully completing the supervisor training course

3.46

Shore hardness

measure of surface hardness using a surface impresser or durometer

3.47

thermoset resin system

resin system that cannot be melted or remoulded following polymerization

3.48

wrinkle

wavy surface or distinct ridge in the laminate where the reinforcing fabric has creased during application