ISO 3534-2:2006 統計—用語, 語彙と記号—パート2：応用統計 | ページ 8

5.1.1

バルク材料

構成部品が巨視的レベルでは最初は区別できない材料

5.1.2

多く

検討中の バルク材料 (5.1.1) の総量から構成される 母集団 (1.2.1) の明確な部分。この部分where 、特定の 特性 (1.1.1) が評価される材料の量とみなされる。決定した

注記 1: バルク品の取引には、単​​一のロットを含む取引が含まれることが多く、このような場合、ロットが母集団となります。

5.1.3

サブロット

バルク材料 (5.1.1) の ロット (5.1.2) の明確な部分

5.1.4

サンプリングユニット

サンプリング (1.3.1) における選択確率が等しいメンバー部分の 1 つ。検討中の バルク材料 (5.1.1) の総量からなる 母集団 (1.2.1) が分割されます。

注記 1:バルク ・サンプリング (1.3.2) では、サンプリング・ユニットの動作 特性 (1.1.1) は、すべてのサンプリング・ユニットの確率が等しく、サンプリング・ユニット全体が サンプル (1.2.2.1) の一部になることです。 17) 選択した場合。

注記 2:バルク材料からのサンプリングが個別の 増分 (5.2.7) の抽出によって実行される場合、サンプリング単位は主な増分です。

5.1.5

名目上のトップサイズ

サンプル（1.2.17） の 5 パーセント以下が保持される試験ふるい（ISO 565 に準拠した角穴ふるいシリーズから）の開口寸法で表される粒子サイズ

5.1.6

公称底部サイズ

サンプル（1.2.17） の 5 パーセント以下が通過する試験ふるい（ISO 565 に準拠した角穴ふるいシリーズから）の開口寸法で表される粒子サイズ

5.2.1

sampling

act of drawing or constituting a sample (1.2.17)

5.2.2

routine sampling

sampling (5.2.1) carried out by the stipulated procedures in the specific International Standard in order to determine the average value of the assessed quality characteristic (1.1.2) in the lot (5.1.2)

Note 1 to entry: The term “regular sampling” is sometimes used as an alternative to “routine sampling”.

5.2.3

experimental sampling

non- routine sampling (5.2.1) where special-purpose experimental design is applied to investigate sources of sampling variance and/or sampling bias (3.3.2)

5.2.4

interpenetrating sampling

replicate sampling (5.2.5) from several lots (5.1.2) or sub- lots (5.1.3) ここで, for each lot, i, or sub-lot, j, consecutive primary increments (5.2.7) are diverted in rotation into different containers to give multiple composite samples (5.3.4) (e.g. A _i , B _i , C _i , …) in order to investigate the within-lot or -sub-lot variances

Note 1 to entry: The term “interleaved sampling” is sometimes used as an alternative to “interpenetrating sampling”.

Note 2 to entry: Most interpenetrating sampling plans use a duplicate sampling method with composite sample pairs (A _i , B _i ) being constituted for each lot, i, or sub-lot, j.

5.2.5

replicate sampling

experimental sampling (5.2.3) where increments (5.2.7) are taken simultaneously or consecutively in pairs, or in higher order multiples in order to constitute multiple composite samples (5.3.4)

5.2.6

duplicate sampling

replicate sampling (5.2.5) where increments (5.2.7) are taken simultaneously or consecutively in pairs in order to constitute two composite samples (5.3.4)

Note 1 to entry: Duplicate sampling is a special case of replicate sampling.

5.2.7

increment

amount of bulk material (5.1.1) taken in one action by a sampling device

Note 1 to entry: The positioning, delimitation and extraction of the increment is such that all parts of the bulk material in the lot (5.1.2) have an equal probability of being selected.

Note 2 to entry: Sampling (5.2.1) is often carried out in progressive mechanical stages, in which case it is necessary to distinguish between a primary increment which is extracted from the lot at the first sampling stage, and a secondary increment which is extracted from the primary increment at the secondary sampling stage, and so on. The secondary and thereafter sampling stages are regarded as a sample division (5.3.8) .

5.2.8

manual sampling

collection of increments (5.2.7) by human effort

5.2.9

mechanical sampling

collection of increments (5.2.7) by mechanical means

5.2.10

cut

single traverse of the sample cutter, in mechanical sampling (5.2.9) , through the stream

5.2.11

quality variation

standard deviation of the quality characteristic (1.1.2) determined, for each of the primary increments, either by estimating the variance between interpenetrating samples (5.2.4) taken from the lot (5.1.2) or sub-lot (5.1.3) , or by estimating the variance from a variographic analysis of the differences between individual increments (5.2.7) separated by various lagged intervals

5.3.1

sample preparation

set of material operations necessary to transform a sample (1.2.17) into a test sample (5.3.11)

Note 1 to entry: For particulate materials, the completion of each operation of sample division defines the commencement of the next sample preparation stage. Thus the number of stages in sample preparation is equal to the number of divisions made.

5.3.2

routine sample preparation

sample preparation (5.3.1) carried out by the stipulated procedures in the specific International Standard in order to determine the average value of the assessed quality characteristic (1.1.2) in the lot (5.1.2)

5.3.3

non-routine sample preparation

sample preparation (5.3.1) carried out for experimental sampling (5.2.3)

5.3.4

composite sample

aggregation of two or more increments (5.2.7) , taken by experimental sampling (5.2.3) , from a lot (5.1.2)

5.3.5

gross sample

aggregation of all the increments (5.2.7) taken from a sub-lot (5.1.3) or lot (5.1.2) by the procedures of routine sampling (5.2.2)

5.3.6

sample drying

activity in sample preparation (5.3.1) of partial drying of the sample (1.2.17) to bring its moisture content near to a level which will not bias (3.3.2) the results of further testing or sample preparation

5.3.7

sample reduction

activity in sample preparation (5.3.1) whereby the particle size is reduced by crushing, grinding or pulverization

5.3.8

sample division

activity in sample preparation (5.3.1) whereby a sample (1.2.17) of bulk material (5.1.1) is divided by such means as riffling, mechanical division, or quartering into separate parts, one or more of which is retained

5.3.9

fixed ratio division

sample division (5.3.8) in which the retained parts from individual samples (1.2.17) are a constant proportion of the original

5.3.10

fixed mass division

sample division (5.3.8) in which the retained divided parts are of almost uniform mass, irrespective of variations in mass of the samples (1.2.17) being divided

5.3.11

test sample

sample (1.2.17) , as prepared for testing or analysis, the whole quantity or a part of it being used for testing or analysis at one time

Note 1 to entry: The term may be used in such ways as “test sample for chemical analysis”, “test sample for moisture determination”, “test sample for particle size determination” and “test sample for physical testing”.

5.3.12

test portion

part of a test sample (5.3.11) which is used for testing or analysis at one time

5.3.13

sub-lot sample

aggregation of several consecutive primary increments (5.2.7) taken systematically in mass basis from a lot (5.1.2) or sub-lot (5.1.3) by the procedures of routine sampling (5.2.2) for a special purpose

Note 1 to entry: A special purpose is, for example, determination of moisture.

5.4.1

sampling system

operational mechanism and/or mechanical installation for taking increments (5.2.7) and sample preparation (5.3.1)

5.4.2

sampling scheme

combination of sampling plans (5.4.3) with purposes for sampling (5.2.1)

Note 1 to entry: Purposes for sampling include routine sampling, checking of precision (3.3.4) , and investigation of quality variation.

5.4.3

sampling plan

specification (3.1.1) of the type of sampling (5.2.1) to be used combined with the operational specification of the entities or increments (5.2.7) to be taken, the samples (1.2.17) to be constituted and the measurements (3.2.1) / tests (3.2.3) to be made

Note 1 to entry: The plan may specify, for example, that the sampling is systematic and in two stages. In combination with the specification of the type of sampling, the plan, in this example, also may specify the number of increments to be taken from a lot (5.1.2) , the number of composite samples (or gross samples) per lot, the number of test samples per composite sample, and the number of measurements/tests per test sample.

5.4.4

sampling procedure

operational requirements and/or instructions relating to taking increments (5.2.7) and constituting a sample (1.2.17)

5.4.5

sample preparation procedure

operational requirements and/or instructions relating to methods and criteria for sample division (5.3.8)