ISO 4210-1:2023 Cycles — 自転車の安全要件 — Part 1: 用語、語彙 | ページ 6

3.1.1

自転車

もっぱらまたは主にその車両に乗っている人の筋肉エネルギー、特にペダルによって推進される二輪車

3.1.2

街とトレッキング自転車

自転車 (3.1.1) 公道 (3.3.3) で主に移動手段またはレジャーとして使用するように設計された自転車 (3.1.1)

3.1.3

配達用自転車

物資の運搬を主な目的として設計された 自転車（3.1.1） 。

3.1.4

折りたたみ自転車

コンパクトな形に折りたたむように設計されており、輸送と保管が容易になるように設計された 自転車 (3.1.1)

3.1.5

マウンテンバイク

不整地、 公道（3.3.3） 、公道 （3.3.2） のオフロードで使用するように設計された 自転車（3.1.1） で、適切に強化されたフレームとその他のコンポーネントを備え、通常は粗いトレッドパターンと幅広いトランスミッションギアを備えたワイドセクションタイヤ

3.1.6

レーシング自転車

公道（3.3.3） での高速アマチュア使用を意図した 自転車（3.1.1） で、複数のグリップ位置（ドロップバーや空力バーなどの空気力学的姿勢を可能にする）を備えたステアリングアセンブリを備えている自転車（3.1.1）、マルチスピードトランスミッションシステム、および完全に組み立てられた 自転車の最大質量 12 kg (3.2.5)

3.1.7

リカンベント自転車

ライダーをゆったりとしたリクライニング位置にする 自転車 (3.1.1)

3.1.8

タンデム

前後に並んだ 2 人以上のライダー用のサドルを備えた 自転車 (3.1.1) 。

3.1.9

ヤングアダルト自転車

サドルの最大高さ（3.2.6） が 635 mm 以上 750 mm 未満の、体重が 40 kg 未満の若年成人が 公道（3.3.3） で使用するように設計された 自転車（3.1.1） 。

3.2.1

bolted joint

components joined together with threaded fasteners

3.2.2

composite material

component that is entirely or partially made of a non-metallic matrix material which is reinforced by metallic or non-metallic materials such as short or long fibres, fabric, or particles

3.2.3

exposed protrusion

protrusion which, through its location and rigidity, could present a hazard to the rider either through heavy contact with it in normal use or should the rider fall onto it in an accident

3.2.4

fracture

unintentional separation into two or more parts

3.2.5

fully assembled bicycle

bicycle (3.1.1) fitted with all components necessary for its intended use

3.2.6

maximum saddle height

vertical distance from the ground to the point where the top of the seat surface is intersected by the seat-post axis, measured with the seat in a horizontal position and with the seat-post set to the minimum insertion-depth mark (3.2.7)

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.

Figure 1 — Maximum saddle height

Key

1	minimum insertion-depth mark
2	ground plane
H	maximum saddle height

3.2.7

minimum insertion-depth mark

mark indicating the minimum insertion-depth of handlebar stem into fork steerer (fork stem) (3.5.3) or seat-post into frame

3.2.8

quick-release device

lever actuated mechanism that connects, retains, or secures a wheel or any other component

3.2.9

screw thread locking devices

device attached or applied to the threads of a nut or bolt, so that they do not unintentionally become unlocked

3.2.10

simulated ground plane

plane used to orient a test part or assembly in a way that represents the cycle’s alignment to the ground in a fully assembled cycle

3.2.11

visible crack

crack which results from a test, wherein that crack is visible to the naked eye

3.2.12

wheelbase

distance between the axes of the front and rear wheels of an unladen bicycle (3.1.1)

3.3.1

off-road rough terrain

coarse pebble tracks, forest trails, and other general off-road tracks where tree roots and rocks are likely to be encountered

3.3.2

public pathway

designated and adopted road, path, or track on which a bicycle (3.1.1) is legally permitted to travel where motorized traffic is excluded

3.3.3

public road

designated and adopted road, pavement, path, or track on which a bicycle (3.1.1) is legally permitted to travel and, on most though not all such public roads, bicycles (3.1.1) will share use with other forms of transport including motorized traffic

3.4.1

band brake

brake in which a circumferential band is wrapped around the exterior of a cylindrical drum which is attached to or incorporated in the wheel hub

3.4.2

brake lever

lever that operates a braking device

3.4.3

braking distance

distance travelled by a bicycle (3.1.1) between the commencement of braking (3.4.5) and the point at which the bicycle (3.1.1) comes to rest

3.4.4

braking force

F_br

tangential rearward force between the tyre and the ground, or the tyre and the drum or belt of the test machine

3.4.5

commencement of braking

point on the test track or test machine at which the brake-actuating device operated directly by the rider’s hand or foot or by a test mechanism starts to move from its rest position

Note 1 to entry: On the test track, this point is determined by the first brake-actuating device (front or rear) to operate.

3.4.6

disc brake

brake in which pads are used to grip the lateral faces of a thin disc attached to or incorporated in the wheel hub

3.4.7

hub brake

brake which acts directly on the wheel hub

3.4.8

rim-brake

brake in which brake shoes act on the rim of the wheel

3.5.1

aerodynamic extension

extension (or extensions) secured to the handlebar or stem, to improve the rider’s aerodynamic posture

3.5.2

bar end

extension secured to the end of a handlebar to provide an additional hand grip and usually with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the end of the handlebar

3.5.3

fork steerer

fork stem

part of a fork that rotates about the steering axis of a bicycle (3.1.1) frame head tube

Note 1 to entry: It is normally connected to the fork crown or directly to the fork legs and is normally the point of connection between the fork and the handlebar stem.

3.5.4

handlebar grips portion

section of the handlebar, from bar end (3.5.2) to the centre of handlebar, which maintains the same diameter as the bar end (3.5.2)

3.6.1

dummy fork

test fork manufactured to specific characteristics which can be substituted within a test for either the fork supplied by the manufacturer or where a fork has not been supplied

3.6.2

rigid, non-welded fork

front fork with a non-telescoping structure ここで, the blades and/or the fork steerer (3.5.3) are secured in the fork-crown by press fitting, clamping, adhesives, or any method other than brazing or welding

3.6.3

sag

compression of the suspension to the manufacturer’s recommended specification

3.6.4

suspension fork

front fork incorporating controlled, axial flexibility to reduce the transmission of road shocks to the rider

3.6.5

suspension frame

frame incorporating controlled, vertical flexibility to reduce the transmission of road shocks to the rider

3.7.1

composite wheels

wheel assembly containing any composite material (3.2.2)

3.7.2

hub generator

electric generating device built in the wheel hub

3.7.3

maximum inflation pressure

maximum tyre pressure recommended by the tyre or rim manufacturer for a safe and efficient performance

Note 1 to entry: If the rim and tyre both indicate a maximum inflation pressure, the maximum inflation pressure is the lower of the two pressures indicated.

3.7.4

primary retention system

system that keeps the front/rear wheel securely attached to the frame/fork dropouts while riding

3.7.5

secondary retention system

system that retains the front wheel in the fork dropouts when the primary retention system (3.7.4) is in the open (unlocked) position

3.7.6

wheel

assembly or combination of hub, spokes or disc, and rim, but excluding the tyre assembly

3.7.7

wheel and tyre assembly

assembled wheel (3.7.6) fitted with tyre and wheel including all necessary parts for its intended use

3.8.1

clipless pedal

pedal that contains a device for the attachment of a rider’s foot/shoe that can be released by foot movement alone

3.8.2

crank assembly

assembly consisting of the drive side and the non-drive side crank arm, the bottom-bracket spindle or crank spindle, and all component of the drive system that are affixed to the crankset

3.8.3

drive belt

seamless ring belt which is used as a means of transmitting motive force

3.8.4

highest gear

gear ratio which gives the greatest distance travelled for one rotation of the cranks

3.8.5

lowest gear

gear ratio which gives the shortest distance travelled for one rotation of the cranks

3.8.6

tread surface

surface of a pedal that is presented to the underside of the foot

3.8.7

pulley

rotating wheel mounted on an axle that contains, around its circumference, teeth or grooves over which a belt can pass to transmit power

3.8.8

toe clip

device attached to the pedal to grip the toe end of the rider's shoe but permitting withdrawal of the shoe

3.9.1

dropper seat-post

seat-post (3.9.4) that can be raised or lowered independently of the seat tube clamp while riding

3.9.2

rigid seat-post

seat-post (3.9.4) that cannot be raised or lowered independently of the seat tube clamp, while riding, and does not provide controlled axial flexibility to reduce the transmission of road shocks to the rider

3.9.3

seat mast cap

adjustable clamp assembly to hold the saddle that slides over and attaches to the frame seat mast, which is an extension of the seat tube above the top tube

3.9.4

seat-post

component that clamps the saddle (with a bolt or assembly) and connects it with the frame

3.9.5

suspension dropper seat-post

seat-post (3.9.4) incorporating controlled, axial flexibility to reduce the transmission of road shocks to the rider and incorporating the capability of raising and lowering independently of the seat tube clamp while riding

3.9.6

suspension seat-post

seat-post (3.9.4) incorporating controlled, axial flexibility to reduce the transmission of road shocks to the rider