ISO 80000-1:2022 量と単位 — Part 1: 一般 | ページ 2

Foreword

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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, 2 (see www.iso.org/directives ).

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12, Quantities and units, in collaboration with IEC/TC 25, Quantities and units.

This second edition cancels the first edition (ISO 80000-1:2009), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 80000-1:2009/Cor.1:2011.

The main changes are as follows:

• More focus on concepts and terminology based on a system of quantities, particularly following the recent major revision of the International System of Units (SI) and the proposed revisions of the International vocabulary of metrology (VIM).
• At the same time, subclauses of previous editions of this document which essentially reproduced content from other sources – particularly metrological vocabulary, descriptions of SI units and compilations of fundamental constants – have been substantially removed from the present edition, in accordance with a resolution taken by ISO/TC 12 in 2020.

A list of all parts in the ISO 80000 and IEC 80000 series can be found on the ISO website.

Introduction

Systems of quantities – as defined in ISO/IEC Guide 99 – can be treated in many consistent, but different, ways. Which treatment to use is partly a matter of convention.

The quantities and relations among the quantities used here are those almost universally accepted for use throughout the physical sciences. They are presented in the majority of scientific textbooks today and are familiar to all scientists and technologists.

The quantities and the relations among them are essentially infinite in number and are continually evolving as new fields of science and technology are developed. Thus, it is not possible to list all these quantities and relations in the ISO/IEC 80000 series; instead, a selection of the more commonly used quantities and the relations among them is presented.

It is inevitable that some readers working in particular specialized fields may find that the quantities they are interested in using may not be listed in this document or in another International Standard. However, provided that they can relate their quantities to more familiar examples that are listed, this will not prevent them from defining units for their quantities.

The system of quantities presented in this document is named the International System of Quantities (ISQ), in all languages. This name was not used in ISO 31 series, from which the present harmonized series has evolved. However, the ISQ does appear in ISO/IEC Guide 99 and is the system of quantities underlying the International System of Units, denoted “SI”, in all languages according to the SI Brochure.

1 Scope

This document gives general information and definitions concerning quantities, systems of quantities, units, quantity and unit symbols, and coherent unit systems, especially the International System of Quantities (ISQ).

The principles laid down in this document are intended for general use within the various fields of science and technology, and as an introduction to other parts of this International Standard.

The ISO/IEC 80000 series does not, as yet, cover ordinal quantities and nominal properties.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC Guide 99 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography