ISO/TS 19166:2021 地理情報— BIMからGISへの概念マッピング（B2GM） | ページ 6

3.1

application

manipulation and processing of data in support of user requirements

[SOURCE:ISO 19101‑1:2014, 4.1.1]

3.2

application schema

conceptual schema for data required by one or more applications (3.1)

[SOURCE:ISO 19101‑1:2014, 4.1.2]

3.3

class

<UML> description of a set of objects (3.9) that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships and semantics

[SOURCE:ISO 19103:2015, 4.7, modified — <UML> domain has been added to the entry.]

3.4

complex feature

feature (3.6) composed of other features

[SOURCE:ISO 19109:2015, 4.3]

3.5

element

<BIM> component including geometry, property, method, and relationship in a BIM or GIS model (3.8) .

3.6

feature

abstraction of real-world phenomena

Note 1 to entry: A feature composed of other features is called a"complex feature" (3.4).

[SOURCE:ISO 19101-1:2014, 4.1.11, modified — Note 1 to entry modified.]

3.7

level of detail

LOD

alternate representations of an object (3.9) at varying fidelities based on specific criteria

Note 1 to entry: The levels of detail concept of CityGML is widely accepted by the market and by the scientific community. The term “LODX model” (X ={0, 1, 2, 3, 4}) is frequently used to address the complexity of existing city models (3.8) and their suitability for specific applications (3.1) . Buildings are represented by non-vertical polygons, either at roof or at footprint level. In LOD1, volume objects such as buildings are modelled in a generalized way as prismatic block models with vertical walls and horizontal ‘roofs’. In LOD2, the (prototypic) roof shape of buildings is represented, as well as thematic ground, wall, and roof surfaces along with additional structures such as balconies and dormers. LOD3 is the most detailed level for the outermost shape of objects. For buildings, openings are added as thematic objects. In LOD4, interior structures (rooms, etc.) are added to the most accurate outer representation, which is called LOD4 but almost identically to the LOD3 outer surface.

Note 2 to entry: It is important to note the distinction between the term LOD (levels of detail) in GIS usage and the term LOD in BIM LOD (Level of Development). LOD in GIS is a deliberate choice of data included/excluded from a model to satisfy certain use cases including visualization. LOD in BIM refers to the maturity of the planning process of the real-world object modelled.

[SOURCE:ISO/IEC 18023-1:2006, 3.1.8, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry modified.]

3.8

model

abstraction of some aspects of reality

[SOURCE:ISO 19109:2015, 4.15]

3.9

object

<UML> object entity with a well-defined boundary and identity that encapsulates state and behaviour

[SOURCE:ISO 19103:2015, 4.25, modified — <UML> domain has been added to the entry.]

3.10

package

<UML> general purpose mechanism for organizing elements (3.5) into groups

[SOURCE:ISO 19103:2015, 4.27]

3.11

perspective

<BIM> definition of the necessary data and behaviours for the use case context

Note 1 to entry: perspective in the construction industry in general, and construction modelling in particular, is more like the common dictionary definition: “the art of representing three-dimensional objects (3.9) on a two-dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth and position in relation to each other”.

Note 2 to entry: the use of ‘perspective’ in this document is similar to the BIM concept of ‘model view’ ここで, ‘Model View Definition’ is “A specification which identifies the properties and specifies the exchange requirements” – i.e. what the customer wants/needs in the model (3.8) at that stage.

3.12

runtime

<BIM> element (3.5) consisting of code and data produced by the compilation of a source element

[SOURCE:ISO/IEC 1989:2014, 4.168, modified.]

3.13

system

applications (3.1) , services, information technology assets, or other information handling components

[SOURCE:ISO/IEC 29134:2017, 3.13]

3.14

system property

customized system (3.13) settings used when automatically creating a model