ISO 10360-10:2021 幾何学的製品仕様（GPS）—座標測定システム（CMS）の受け入れおよび再検証テスト—パート10：レーザートラッカー | ページ 6

3.1

laser tracker

coordinate measuring system in which a cooperative target is followed with a laser beam and its location determined in terms of a distance (range) and two angles

Note 1 to entry: The two angles are referred to as azimuth, θ, (rotation about a vertical axis – the standing axis of the laser tracker) and either elevation, φ, (angle above a horizontal plane – perpendicular to the standing axis) or zenith (angle from the standing axis).

Note 2 to entry: Care should be used with the symbols associated with spherical coordinate systems, as different conventions exist. For example, the description of a spherical coordinate system in ISO 80000-2 uses the symbols differently and uses the zenith angle (away from vertical) rather than elevation.

3.2

interferometric measurement mode

IFM mode

measurement method that uses a laser displacement interferometer integrated in a laser tracker (3.1) to determine distance (range) to a target

Note 1 to entry: Displacement interferometers can only determine differences in distance, and therefore require a reference distance (e.g. home position).

3.3

absolute distance measurement mode

ADM mode

measurement method that uses time of flight instrumentation integrated in a laser tracker (3.1) to determine the distance (range) to a target

Note 1 to entry: Time of flight instrumentation may include a variety of modulation methods to calculate the distance to the target.

3.4

retroreflector

passive device designed to reflect light back parallel to the incident direction over a range of incident angles

Note 1 to entry: Typical retroreflectors are the cat’s-eye, the cube corner and spheres of special material.

Note 2 to entry: Retroreflectors are cooperative targets.

Note 3 to entry: For certain systems, for example laser radar, the retroreflector will possibly be a cooperative target such as a polished sphere.

3.5

spherically mounted retroreflector

SMR

retroreflector (3.4) that is mounted in a spherical housing

Note 1 to entry: In the case of an open-air cube corner, the vertex is typically adjusted to be coincident with the sphere centre.

Note 2 to entry: The tests in this document are typically executed with a spherically mounted retroreflector.

Note 3 to entry: See Figure 2.

3.6

stylus and retroreflector combination

SRC

probing system that determines the measurement point utilizing a probe stylus to contact the workpiece, a retroreflector (3.4) to determine the base location of the probe, and other means to find the stylus orientation unit vector

Note 1 to entry: The datum for the stylus tip offset (l) is the centre of the retroreflector.

3.7

optical distance sensor and retroreflector combination

ODR

probing system that determines the measurement point utilizing an optical distance sensor to measure the workpiece, a retroreflector (3.4) to determine the base location of the optical distance sensor and other means to find the orientation of the optical distance sensor

3.8

target nest

nest

device designed to repeatably locate an SMR (3.5)

3.9

length measurement error

E_Vol:L:LT

E_Bi:L:LT

error of indication when performing an averaged (E_Vol:L:LT) or bidirectional (E_Bi:L:LT) point-to-point distance measurement of a calibrated test length using a laser tracker with a stylus tip offset of L

Note 1 to entry:E_Vol:0:LT and E_Bi:0:LT (used frequently in this document) correspond to the common case of no stylus tip offset, as the retroreflector optical centre is coincident with the physical centre of the probing system for spherically mounted retroreflectors (3.5) .

3.10

normal CTE material

material with a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between 8 × 10⁻⁶/°C and 13 × 10⁻⁶/°C

Note 1 to entry: Some documents may express CTE in units 1/K or K⁻¹, which is equivalent to 1/°C.

[SOURCE:ISO 10360-2:2009, 3.3, modified — Note 1 to entry added.]

3.11

probing form error

P_{Form.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT}

error of indication within which the range of Gaussian radial distances can be determined by a least-squares fit of 25 points measured by a laser tracker (3.1) on a spherical material standard of size

Note 1 to entry: Only one least-squares fit is performed, and each point is evaluated for its distance (radius) from this fitted centre.

3.12

probing size error

P_{Size.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT}

error of indication of the diameter of a spherical material standard of size as determined by a least-squares fit of 25 points measured with a laser tracker (3.1)

3.13

location error

two-face error

plunge and reverse error

L_{Dia.2x1:P&R:LT}

distance, perpendicular to the beam path, between two measurements of a stationary retroreflector (3.4) , where the second measurement is taken with the laser tracker (3.1) azimuth angle at approximately 180° from the first measurement and the laser tracker elevation angle is approximately the same

Note 1 to entry: This combination of axis rotations is known as a 'two-face' or 'plunge and reverse' test.

Note 2 to entry: The laser tracker base is fixed during this test.

3.14

maximum permissible error of length measurement

E_{Vol:L:LT, MPE}

E_{Bi:L:LT, MPE}

extreme value of the length measurement error (3.9) , E_Bi:L:LTorE_Vol:L:LT, permitted by specifications

Note 1 to entry:E_Vol:0:LT and E_Bi:0:LT (used frequently in this document) correspond to the common case of no stylus tip offset, as the retroreflector optical centre is coincident with the physical centre of the probing system for spherically mounted retroreflectors (3.5) .

3.15

maximum permissible error of probing form

P_{Form.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT, MPE}

extreme value of the probing form error (3.11) , P_{Form.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT}, permitted by specifications

3.16

maximum permissible error of probing size

P_{Size.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT, MPE}

extreme value of the probing size error (3.12) , P_{Size.Sph.1x25:SMR:LT}, permitted by specifications

3.17

maximum permissible error of location

L_{Dia.2x1:P&R:LT, MPE}

extreme value of the location error, L_{Dia.2x1:P&R:LT}, permitted by specifications

3.18

rated operating condition

operating condition that must be fulfilled, according to specification, during measurement in order that a measuring instrument or measuring system performs as designed

Note 1 to entry: Rated operating conditions generally specify intervals of values for a quantity being measured and for any influence quantity.

Note 2 to entry: Within the ISO 10360 series, the term “as designed” in the definition means “as specified by MPEs”.

Note 3 to entry: When the rated operating conditions are not met in a test according to the ISO 10360 series, neither comformity nor non-comformity to specifications can be determined.

[SOURCE:ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 4.9, modified — definition revised and Notes 2 and 3 to entry added.]