ISO 15397:2014 グラフィックテクノロジー—グラフィック紙の特性の伝達 | ページ 6

3.1

grammage

basis weight

mass of a unit paper area, expressed in grams per square metre

[SOURCE:ISO 536:2012, 3.1, modified]

3.2

single sheet thickness

distance between one surface of a paper and the other, measured under an applied static load

Note 1 to entry: This term is most commonly used for paper thickness.

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.1, modified]

3.3

bulking thickness

thickness of a single sheet of paper, calculated from the thickness of several superimposed sheets in a pack, and measured under an applied static load

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.2, modified]

3.4

apparent sheet density

mass per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre, and calculated from the single sheet thickness

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.3]

3.5

apparent bulk density

mass per unit volume, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre, and calculated from the bulking thickness

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.4]

3.6

apparent specific sheet volume

volume per unit mass, expressed in cubic centimetres per gram, and calculated from the single sheet thickness

Note 1 to entry: This term is normally applicable to paper and most commonly calculated for paper bulk.

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.5]

3.7

apparent specific bulk volume

volume per unit mass, expressed in cubic centimetres per gram, and calculated from the bulking thickness

[SOURCE:ISO 534:2011, 3.6]

3.8

Parker Print-Surf roughness

PPS

mean gap between a sheet of paper or board and a flat circular land pressed against it under specified conditions

Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in micrometres and calculated based on the airflow between the measuring land and the test piece.

[SOURCE:ISO 8791‑4:2007, 3.1, modified]

3.9.1

Bendtsen roughness

measure of the rate at which air will pass between a flat circular land and a sheet of paper, when tested under specified conditions and at operating pressure

Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millilitres per minute.

[SOURCE:ISO 8791‑2:2013, 3.1, modified]

3.9.2

Bekk smoothness

time in seconds which, under a defined pressure differential, is required to draw a definite quantity of air at atmospheric pressure between the surface of the test piece and a ring-shaped plane surface, under specified conditions of contact

[SOURCE:ISO 5627:1995, 3.1]

3.10

gloss

mode of appearance by which reflected highlights of objects are perceived as superimposed on the surface due to the directionally selective properties of that surface

[SOURCE:ISO 8254‑1:2009, 3.1]

3.11

opacity (paper backing)

ratio of the single-sheet luminance factor (C), R₀, to the intrinsic luminance factor (C), R_∞, of the same sample

Note 1 to entry: Opacity is expressed as a percentage.

Note 2 to entry: Luminance factor (C): (luminous reflectance factor or Y(C/2°)-value or R_y) is reflectance factor or radiance factor defined with reference to the CIE illuminant C.

Note 3 to entry: Single-sheet luminance factor (C) R0, is luminance factor (C) of a single sheet of paper with a black cavity as backing. Intrinsic luminance factor (C) R∞, is luminance factor (C) of a layer or pad of material thick enough to be opaque, i.e. such that increasing the thickness of the pad by doubling the number of sheets results in no change in the measured reflectance factor.

[SOURCE:ISO 2471:2008, 3.5, modified]

3.12

ISO brightness

R₄₅₇

intrinsic radiance (reflectance) factor measured with a reflectometer having the characteristics described in ISO 2469, equipped with a filter or corresponding function having an effective wavelength of 457 nm and a half bandwidth of 44 nm, and adjusted so that the UV content of the irradiation incident upon the test piece corresponds to that of the CIE illuminant C

Note 1 to entry: Brightness measures the paper’s ability to reflect light within a specific wavelength of blue, ignoring shade.

[SOURCE:ISO 2470‑1:2009, 3.4]

3.13

D65 brightness

R_{457, D65}

intrinsic radiance (reflectance) factor measured with a reflectometer having the characteristics described in ISO 2469, equipped with a filter or corresponding function having an effective wavelength of 457 nm and a half-peak bandwidth of 44 nm, and adjusted so that the UV content of the irradiation incident upon the test piece corresponds to that of the CIE standard illuminant D65

Note 1 to entry: Brightness measures the paper’s ability to reflect light within a specific wavelength of blue, ignoring shade.

[SOURCE:ISO 2470‑2:2008, 3.4]

3.14

CIE whiteness, C/2° indoor illumination conditions

W_C/2

measure of whiteness derived from the CIE tristimulus values under standard illuminant C, expressed as whiteness units

[SOURCE:ISO 11476:2010, 3.5, modified]

3.15

CIE whiteness, D65/10° outdoor daylight

W_D65/10

measure of whiteness derived from the CIE tristimulus values under standard illuminant D65, expressed as whiteness units

Note 1 to entry: Whiteness measures the paper’s ability to reflect light across wavelengths comprising the full visible spectrum. It gives single figure information, including both luminance and shade and is therefore increasingly replacing brightness as first criterion of quality.

Note 2 to entry: The CIE whiteness equation defines a line along the dominant wavelength 425 nm in the CIE chromaticity diagram along which the whiteness increases the most. This equation has thus a preference towards red. It is important to note that the equation is only valid within a relative narrow interval of the colour space.

[SOURCE:ISO 11475:2004, 3.4, modified]

3.16

fluorescence component

measure of the extent to which the whiteness of the material is affected by excitation of the added fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) or optical brightening agent (OBA)

[SOURCE:ISO 11476:2010, 3.7, modified]

Note 1 to entry: Fluorescent whitening agents (FWA) are also called optical brightening agents (OBA)

Note 2 to entry: Fluorescence component is calculated as the difference between the whiteness/brightness measured with a source of light having a UV-content corresponding to the chosen illuminant and the whiteness/brightness measured with a source without radiation in the UV excitation band.

Note 3 to entry: Fluorescence component measured with Brightness and D65 illuminant is most widely used with notation F_{B, D65}

3.17

CIELAB colour space and CIELAB values

three-dimensional, approximately uniform colour space, produced by plotting, in rectangular coordinates L*, a*, b*

[SOURCE:ISO 5631‑2:2008, 3.6, modified]

3.18

bending resistance

force required to bend a rectangular test piece clamped at one end through a given angle

[SOURCE:ISO 2493‑1:2010, 3.1 and 3.2, modified]

Note 1 to entry: Bending stiffness is the resistance that a test piece offers to bend, in the region of elastic deformation, as described in ISO 5628:2012, 3.1.