ISO 17422:2018 プラスチック — 環境面 — 標準に含めるための一般的なガイドライン | ページ 5

3.1

design

creative activity that, based on expressed or implied needs, existing means and technological possibilities, results in the definition of technical solutions for a product that can be commercially manufactured or fabricated into prototypes

3.2

eco-profile

partial life cycle inventory analysis (3.14) beginning at the raw material extraction phase and ending at the point where the plastics product (3.8) is ready for transfer to the next operator in the supply chain

3.3

environmental aspect

element of an organization’s activities, products or services that interacts or can interact with the environment

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]

3.4

environmental impact

change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects (3.3)

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]

3.5

environmental provision

normative element of a standard that specifies measures for minimizing adverse environmental impact of a test method, material or product

3.6

life cycle

consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to the final disposal

[SOURCE:ISO 14040:2006, 3.1]

3.7

life cycle assessment

LCA

compilation and evaluation of the inputs (3.13) , outputs (3.16) and the potential environmental impacts (3.4) of a product system throughout its life cycle (3.6)

[SOURCE:ISO 14040:2006, 3.2]

3.8

plastics product

material or combination of materials, semi-finished or finished product that is within the scope of ISO/TC 61

3.9

product standard

standard that specifies requirements to be fulfilled by a product or group of products

3.10

renewable resource

any natural resource in the form of material or energy, which is replenished or replaced on natural processes

Note 1 to entry: Renewable resource includes agricultural products, biomass, solar, wind, water, hydro power, geothermal, tidal energy and renewed biomass etc. and excludes recovered or wasted energy.

Note 2 to entry: Organic fraction of municipal waste is considered as a renewable energy source.

Note 3 to entry: Whether the energy stored in a technical system is renewable or not depends on the nature of the original energy source.

Note 4 to entry: Criteria to categorize an energy source as renewable differ amongst jurisdictions, based on local environmental or other reasons.

3.11

end-of-life

life cycle stage of a product when a proper waste management is applied for discarded end-user products

Note 1 to entry: For plastics waste recycling and recovery, see ISO 11469 and ISO 15270. See also Annex A.

3.12

energy recovery

production of useful energy through direct and controlled combustion

Note 1 to entry: Solid-waste incinerators producing hot water, steam and/or electricity are a common form of energy recovery.

Note 2 to entry: From a technical point of view, the term “energy recovery” applies to any process where the calorific value or the sensible heat of a material is wholly, or partially, converted into useful energy.

[SOURCE:ISO 15270:2008, 3.11, modified — Note 2 to entry has been added.]

3.13

input

material or energy which enters a unit process

3.14

life cycle inventory analysis

LCI

phase of life cycle assessment (3.7) involving the compilation and quantification of inputs (3.13) and outputs (3.16) for a product throughout its life cycle (3.6)

Note 1 to entry: As life cycle inventory analysis describes a product system and not the product in isolation, the life cycle data cover factors including materials, design, performance, use pattern and waste management.

[SOURCE:ISO 14040:2006, 3.3, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]

3.15

mechanical recycling

processing of plastics waste into secondary raw material or products without significantly changing the chemical structure of the material

Note 1 to entry: This definition does not generally cover chemical or feedstock recycling processes applied to plastics.

[SOURCE:ISO 15270:2008, 3. 21, modified — Note 1 to entry has been changed.]

3.16

output

material or energy which leaves a unit process

Note 1 to entry: Such material includes raw materials, intermediate products, finished products, emissions and waste.