ISO 18676:2024 宇宙システム — システムエンジニアリング管理の要件とガイドライン | ページ 6

3.1

management

coordinated activities to direct and control an organization (3.2)

Note 1 to entry: Management can include establishing policies and objectives, and processes (3.3) to achieve these objectives.

Note 2 to entry: The word “management” sometimes refers to people, i.e. a person or group of people with authority and responsibility for the conduct and control of an organization. When “management” is used in this sense, it should always be used with some form of qualifier to avoid confusion with the concept of “management” as a set of activities defined above. For example, “management shall…” is deprecated whereas “top management shall…” is acceptable. Otherwise, different words should be adopted to convey the concept when related to people, e.g. managerial or managers.

[SOURCE:ISO 9000:2015, 3.3.3]

3.2

organization

person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives

Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority, partnership, association, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private.

[SOURCE:ISO 9000:2015, 3.2.1, modified — Note 2 to entry has been removed.]

3.3

process

set of interrelated or interacting activities that use inputs to deliver an intended result

[SOURCE:ISO 9000:2015, 3.4.1, modified — Notes to entry have been removed.]

3.4

programme

group of projects (3.5) managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually

[SOURCE:ISO 14300-1:2023, 3.2]

3.5

project

unique process (3.3) , consisting of a set of coordinated and controlled activities with start and finish dates, undertaken to achieve an objective conforming to specific requirements, including the constraints of time, cost and resources

[SOURCE:ISO 9000:2015, 3.4.2, modified — Notes to entry have been removed.]

3.6

system

set of interdependent elements constituted to achieve a given objective by performing a specified function

[SOURCE:ISO 16091:2018, 3.1.23, modified — Note 1 to entry has been removed.]

3.7

systems engineering

interdisciplinary approach governing the total technical and managerial effort required to transform a set of stakeholder (3.9) needs, expectations and constraints into a solution and to support that solution throughout its life

[SOURCE:ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-1:2018, 3.57]

3.8

systems engineering management

discipline to ensure that system engineering (3.7) is properly applied and can be divided in planning, control, assessment and decision analysis, including management (3.1) tools like work breakdown structures, risk management, requirements traceability and reviews

3.9

stakeholder

customer, user, person who will receive the goods or services and is the direct beneficiary of the system (3.6) . or other interested party who affects or is affected by the project (3.5)

Note 1 to entry: The stakeholders provide overarching constraints within which the customers' needs should be achieved

[SOURCE:ISO 16404:2020, 3.10, modified —"beneficiaries of the systems" has been replaced by" beneficiary of the system";"providing overarching constraints within which the customers' needs should be achieved" at the end of the definition has been removed; note 1 to entry has been added.]