ISO 19134:2007 地理情報—ロケーションベースのサービス—マルチモーダルルーティングとナビゲーション | ページ 6

4.1

application

manipulation and processing of data in support of user requirements

[SOURCE: ISO 19101]

4.2

application schema

conceptual schema for data required by one or more applications

[SOURCE: ISO 19101]

4.3

cost function

function that associates a measure (cost) to a route

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: The normal mechanism is to apply a cost to each part of a route, and to define the total route cost as the sum of the cost of the parts. This is necessary for the operation of the most common navigation algorithms. The units of cost functions are not limited to monetary costs and values only, but include such measures as time, distance and possibly others. The only requirement is that the function be additive and at least non-negative. This latter criteria can be softened as long as it is not zero or less cost is associated to any loop in the network, as this will prevent the existence of a “minimal cost” route.

4.4

junction

single topological node in a network with its associated collection of turns , and incoming and outgoing links

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: Junction is an alias for node.

4.5

link

directed topological connection between two nodes ( junctions ), consisting of an edge and a direction

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: Link is an alias for directed edge.

4.6

location

identifiable geographic place

[SOURCE: ISO 19112]

Note 1 to entry: A location is represented by one of a set of data types that describes a position, along with metadata about that data, including coordinates (from a coordinate reference system), a measure (from a linear referencing system), or an address (from an address system) [ISO 19133:2005].

4.7

location-based service

LBS

service whose return or other property is dependent on the location of the client requesting the service or of some other thing, object or person

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.8

navigation

combination of routing , route traversal and tracking

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: This is essentially the common term navigation, but the definition decomposes the process in terms used in the packages defined in this International Standard.

4.9

network

abstract structure consisting of a set of 0-dimensional objects called junctions , and a set of 1-dimensional objects called links that connect the junctions , each link being associated to a start (origin, source) junction and end (destination, sink) junction

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: The network is essentially the universe of discourse for the navigation problem. Networks are a variety of one-dimensional topological complexes. In this light, junction and topological nodes are synonyms, as are link and directed edges.

4.10

position

data type that describes a point or geometry potentially occupied by an object or person

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

Note 1 to entry: A direct position is a semantic subtype of position. Direct position as described can only define a point and therefore not all positions can be represented by a direct position. That is consistent with the “is type of” relation. An ISO 19107 geometry is also a position, but not a direct position.

4.11

route

sequence of links, and/or partial links, that describe a path, usually between two positions, within a network

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.12

routing

finding of optimal (minimal cost function ) routes between locations in a network

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.13

tracking

monitoring and reporting the location of a vehicle

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.14

transportation mode

means that travellers can choose for transportation

4.15

turn

part of a route or network consisting of a junction location and an entry and exit link for that junction

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.16

traveller

person subject to being navigated, or tracked

cf. vehicle

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]

4.17

vehicle

object subject to being navigated or tracked

cf. traveller

[SOURCE: ISO 19133:2005]