ISO 21400:2018 パルプ—セルロースナノ結晶の硫黄および硫酸塩のハーフエステル含有量の測定 | ページ 6

3.1

nanoscale

length range approximately from 1 nm to 100 nm

Note 1 to entry: Properties that are not extrapolations from larger sizes are predominantly exhibited in this length range.

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.1]

3.2

nano-object

discrete piece of material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1)

Note 1 to entry: The second and third external dimensions are orthogonal to the first dimension and to each other.

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.5]

3.3

nanocrystal

nano-object (3.2) with a crystalline structure

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.15]

3.4

elementary fibril

structure, originating from a single terminal enzyme complex, having a configuration of cellulose chains specific to each cellulose-producing plant, animal, algal and bacterial species

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 20477:2017, 3.2.5]

3.5

cellulose nanocrystal

CNC

nanocrystal (3.3) predominantly composed of cellulose with at least one elementary fibril (3.4) , containing predominantly crystalline and paracrystalline regions, with aspect ratio of usually less than 50 but usually greater than 5, not exhibiting longitudinal splits, inter-particle entanglement, or network-like structures

Note 1 to entry: The dimensions are typically 3 nm to 50 nm in cross-section and 100 nm to several μm in length, depending on the source of the cellulose nanocrystal.

Note 2 to entry: The aspect ratio refers to the ratio of the longest to the shortest dimension.

Note 3 to entry: Historically, cellulose nanocrystals have been called nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), cellulose whiskers or cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW), and cellulose microfibrils; they have also been called spheres, needles or nanowires based on their shape, dimensions and morphology. Other names have included cellulose micelles, cellulose crystallites and cellulose microcrystals.

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 20477:2017, 3.3.5, modified — Note 3 to entry has been revised.]

3.6

agglomerate

collection of weakly or medium-strongly bound particles where the resulting external surface area is similar to the sum of the surface areas of the individual components

Note 1 to entry: The forces holding an agglomerate together are weak forces, for example van der Waals forces or simple physical entanglement.

Note 2 to entry: Agglomerates are also termed secondary particles and the original source particles are termed primary particles.

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 3.4]

3.7

analyte

element to be determined

3.8

calibration blank solution

solution prepared in the same way as the calibration solution (3.9) but leaving out the analyte (3.7)

3.9

calibration solution

solution used to calibrate the instrument, prepared from a stock solution (3.11) or a certified standard by adding acids, buffer, reference element and salts as needed

3.10

matrix blank solution

solution prepared in the same way as the test sample solution (3.14) but omitting the test sample (3.13)

3.11

stock solution

solution with accurately known analyte (3.7) concentration(s), prepared from pure chemicals such as a primary standard

3.12

quality control sample solution

solution of known composition within the range of the calibration solutions (3.8) , but prepared independently

3.13

test sample

portion taken from the laboratory sample after, for example, homogenizing or dividing

3.14

test sample solution

solution prepared after extraction, dispersion, purification or other preparation of the test sample (3.13) , such that it can be used for the envisaged measurement