ISO 24650:2024 道路車両 — 悪天候下での自動運転用センサー — 洗浄システムの効率の評価 | ページ 2

Foreword

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 35, Lighting and visibility.

Introduction

Vehicles with automated driving systems (ADS) need more sensors, such as radars, lidars and cameras. These components are located outside the vehicle, which means they are exposed to weather conditions that can cause contamination on sensitive surfaces. This can affect visibility, which can impair safe driving.

For Level 1 and Level 2 ADS (defined in ISO/SAE PAS 22736), any failure in sensor detection is overcome by the driver immediately recovering control of the vehicle. From Level 3 onwards, the driver alone cannot guarantee vehicle safety, and a scenario-based safety evaluation must be performed (see ISO 34502).

Sensor technology is evolving rapidly and becoming more robust. It is therefore difficult to determine single set of uniform criteria on how clean sensors have to be for automated driving systems to perform as expected. This can also depend on the role of the given sensor.

Regardless of which sensor is used to determine a vehicle's environment, the front surface of a sensor is kept clean by a system that maintains visibility performance. Evaluating the cleanliness of the front surface of a sensor after a cleaning operation determines the efficiency of the cleaning systems.

1 Scope

This document proposes a standard test procedure to assess the efficiency of cleaning systems for sensors. It addresses the following conditions:

• dust/mud
• frost/snow
• mist/rain

This document does not propose a preferred cleaning system. This document is intended to be technologically neutral and performance-oriented. Its focus is on the cleaning system, not on sensor detection. The assessment method specified in this document is therefore fully independent from sensor technology and from the data generated by the sensor when in use.

This document is entirely focussed on the cleanliness of the front surface of the sensor.

This document does not address continuous contamination, such as continuous rain. This is because in these circumstances, the efficiency of the cleaning system can only be assessed from inside the sensor.

For non-continuous contamination, this document includes intermittent cleaning, which is considered a succession of cleaning cycles that are launched periodically, as defined in 3.2.

The test does not include specific day time/night time conditions. This is because these conditions have no impact on the results and the average clean remains similar. However, more efficient cleaning can be done at night.

This document does not cover contamination with insects due to the challenges of ensuring homogeneous application.

This document does not provide indicators for sensor performance. This document is limited to the evaluation of the removal of contamination from surfaces.

This document does not include evaluation on preventive measures taken in the installation design. The aerodynamic design affects how mud sprayed from a moving vehicle or rain droplets can reach and build-up on the sensor's frontal protection layer. Countermeasure design is beyond the scope of this document.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

Bibliography