ISO/IEC 20060:2010 情報技術—オープンターミナルアーキテクチャ（OTA）—仮想マシン | ページ 6

3.1

aligned address

address of a memory location at which a character or cell can be accessed

Note 1 to entry: The OTA virtual machine requires that aligned addresses be exact multiples of 4.

3.2

ANS Forth

programming language as defined by the American National Standard X3.215, 1994

3.3

big-endian

byte ordering system in which the highest-order byte of a cell is at the lowest address (i.e. appears first in a data stream)

Note 1 to entry: The OTA virtual machine uses big-endian byte order in token modules and card communication.

3.4

binary

data element that is a number, to be interpreted as an unsigned integer

3.5

binary

bit string

3.6

C

C programming language

3.7

card selected services

CSS

card-resident code providing functions supporting terminal transactions, usually service functions that are used as part of a terminal selected services application

3.8

cell

primary unit of information storage in the architecture of an Open Terminal Architecture system

Note 1 to entry: The standard size of a cell in the OTA virtual machine is four bytes.

3.9

compile

transform higher-level specifications of software and/or data into executable form

Note 1 to entry: The executable form for the OTA virtual machine is OTA tokens.

3.10

compressed numeric

number represented in binary-coded decimal format, left justified and padded with trailing hexadecimal F's

3.11

counted string

data structure consisting of one character containing the length followed by zero to 255 data characters

3.12

data space

logical area of the virtual machine that can be accessed by Open Terminal Architecture tokens

3.13

data stack

stack that may be used for passing parameters between functions

Note 1 to entry: When there is no possibility of confusion, the data stack is referred to as “the stack”.

3.14

EMV

Integrated Circuit Card Specification for Payment Systems (see Bibliography [1] - [4])

Note 1 to entry: EMV is managed, maintained and enhanced by EMVCo, a consortium of American Express, JCB International, MasterCard Worldwide and Visa Incorporated (see Bibliography [1] - [4]).

3.15

exception frame

implementation-dependent set of information recording the current execution state necessary for the layered exception processing used in the virtual machine

3.16

exception stack

stack used for the nesting of exception frames

Note 1 to entry: It may be, but need not be, implemented using the return stack.

3.17

execution pointer

value that identifies the execution semantics of a function

3.18

implementation conformance statement ¹⁾

statement made by the supplier of an implementation or system claimed to conform to a given specification, stating which capabilities have been implemented

3.19

instantiate

register a local instance of a data structure with the virtual machine

Note 1 to entry: At power-up in a terminal, initialised data items and kernel databases are instantiated. Further data, databases and TLV definitions may be instantiated when a module is loaded.

3.20

interpret

at run-time identify the function associated with a token value in the code and execute it

3.21

kernel

standardised set of functions mandated to be present on every terminal to implement the Open Terminal Architecture virtual machine

Note 1 to entry: The kernel implementation for each CPU type is optimised for that processor.

3.22

library module

set of software functions in Open Terminal Architecture token code with a published interface, providing general support for Terminal Programs and/or Applications

3.23

LISP

family of programming languages, developed since the late 1960s, which the American National Standard working group X3J13 standardised as Common Lisp, starting 1986

3.24

module

collection of software functions and/or data compiled together and presented in token form as a package whose delivery format is specified in Clause 9 of this International Standard

3.25

module repository

non-volatile medium for storing Open Terminal Architecture modules within a terminal

3.26

non-volatile

guaranteed to be preserved across module loading or terminal power-down and rebooting

3.27

numeric

single-cell binary signed integer

Note 1 to entry: The term numeric specifies that a number is represented in BCD format, right justified and padded with leading hexadecimal zeroes.

3.28

return stack

stack that may be used for program execution nesting, do-loop execution, temporary storage, and other purposes

3.29

stack

area in memory containing a Last In, First Out list of items

Note 1 to entry: Stacks in the OTA virtual machine are discussed in 6.2.4.

3.30

terminal

any POS (Point of Sale) machine, ATM (Automated Teller Machine), vending machine, etc.

3.31

terminal program

overall supervisory program that a terminal executes and which contains code to select among one or more applications

3.32

terminal resident services

TRS

software in a terminal that includes terminal-specific functions, program loading functions, and the main terminal program loop defining the terminal's behaviour

Note 1 to entry: TRS are usually provided by a terminal's manufacturer.

3.33

terminal selected services

TSS

terminal-independent code which implements service functions, also known as applications and libraries

Note 1 to entry: The TRS main program loop selects and calls TSS functions as needed by a particular application.

3.34

token

one- or two-byte code representing a CPU-independent instruction for the Open Terminal Architecture virtual machine

3.35

token compiler

compiler that produces Open Terminal Architecture token modules

3.36

token loader/interpreter

software component on the terminal that processes downloaded tokens for execution on that terminal's CPU

3.37

virtual machine

theoretical microprocessor architecture

Note 1 to entry: In order to provide a single standard kernel interface, all OTA terminals are coded to emulate a common virtual machine whose parameters are given in this specification.