ISO/TR 20736:2021 汚泥の回収、リサイクル、処理、処分—汚泥の熱処理に関するガイダンス | ページ 6

3.1

melting

thermal treatment which makes sludge or ash temperature raising over melting point of sludge inorganic substances

3.2

drying

thermal treatment for evaporating water from dewatered sludge to control water content by heating

3.3

carbonization

part of pyrolysis (3.4) , focusing on production of a solid secondary resource so-called bio-charcoal

3.4

pyrolysis

thermal treatment without supply of oxygen

[SOURCE: CEN/TR 16788, 3.4]

3.5

gasification

thermal treatment with less than the stoichiometric supply of oxygen or air (partial combustion)

3.6

char

combination of non-combustible materials and carbon produced from devolatization, gasification (3.5) , pyrolysis (3.4) or carbonization (3.3) process

3.7

bio-charcoal

biochar

solid secondary resource, generated from carbonization (or pyrolysis) process

3.8

thermal treatment

treatment in which heat is applied to remove moisture, microbial content and organic compounds

3.9

thermal process

technique for the application of thermal treatment (3.8)

3.10

combined treatment

treatment of sludge and other waste in the same device

3.11

furnace

enclosed chamber where combustion of organic matter takes place

3.12

boiler

specific part of the thermal treatment plant where heat exchange takes place in view of recovering heat and energy

3.13

flue gas treatment

any physical or chemical process aimed at cleaning the gas emission resulting from the thermal treatment (3.8) with regard to their discharge into the atmosphere

3.14

bottom ash

combustion residue collected at the bottom of a combustion furnace

3.15

fly ash

solid material that is entrained in a flue gas stream

3.16

energy recovery

use of combustible waste as a means to generate energy through thermal treatment with recovery of heat

3.17

recycling

activity in a production process to process waste materials for the original purpose or for other purposes, excluding energy recovery (3.16)

3.18

slag

partially glassy by-product obtained by cooling a mineral liquid phase

3.19

energy efficiency

amount of energy and/or heat recovery in relation to the energy content of input material

3.20

wet oxidation

wet air oxidation

aqueous-phase oxidation of organics under pressure, using either air or oxygen as the oxidant

3.21

syngas

mixture of gases (including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc.) produced from gasification (3.5) or pyrolysis (3.4) process

3.22

combustion

chemical and exothermic reaction with full oxidation of combustible materials

3.23

autothermal conditions

conditions that keep combustion without auxiliary fuel and/or other external energy

3.24

paste-like sludge

sludge capable of continuous flow under the effect of pressure above a certain threshold and having a shear resistance below a certain threshold

[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15463, 1.2.b]

3.25

solid sludge

sludge having a shear resistance above a certain threshold

[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15463, 1.2.c]