ISO 13100:2024 ゼータ電位の測定方法 | ページ 6

3.1.1

デバイの長さ

κ^–1

電解質溶液中の 電気二重層(3.1.2) の特徴的な長さ

注記 1:デバイの長さはメートルで表されます。

[出典:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.1.2, 修正済み — エントリへの注記で、「ナノメートル」が「メートル」に変更されました。

3.1.2

電気二重層

物体が液体と接触したときにその表面上および表面近傍に現れる電荷の空間分布

3.1.3

表面電荷密度

σ

液体バルクからのイオンの特異的吸着、または表面基の解離による界面の面積あたりの電荷

注記 1:表面電荷密度はクーロン/平方メートルで表される。

[出典:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.1.6]

3.1.4

動電電荷密度

σ_ek

バルク液相中の逆に帯電した溶質の蓄積による 表面電荷密度 (3.1.3) の部分的な補償による、すべり面 (せん断面) における面積あたりの実効電荷

注記 1:動電荷密度は、1 平方メートルあたりのクーロンで表されます。

3.1.5

等電点

液体媒体の状態、通常は ゼータ電位ゼロに相当する pH 値 (3.1.7)

[出典:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.1.10]

3.1.6

表面導電率

K ^σ

帯電した表面に接線方向の過剰な電気伝導

注記 1:表面導電率はシーメンスで表されます。

[出典:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.2.11]

3.1.7

動電電位

ゼータ電位

ξ ポテンシャル

ζ

滑り面の電位とバルク液体の電位の差

注記 1:動電位はボルトで表される。

[出典:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.1.8]

3.2.1

colloid vibration current

CVI

alternating current generated between two electrodes, placed in a dispersion, if the latter is subjected to an ultrasonic field

[SOURCE:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.3.1, modified — The admitted term I_CVI has been removed; the note has been removed.]

3.2.2

electrokinetic phenomena

phenomena associated with tangential liquid motion adjacent to a charged surface

3.2.3

electroacoustic phenomena

phenomena arising from the coupling between the ultrasound field and electric field in a liquid that contains ions

Note 1 to entry: Either of these fields can be primary driving force. Liquid can be a simple Newtonian liquid or complex heterogeneous dispersion, emulsion or even a porous body. There are several different electroacoustic effects, depending on the nature of the liquid and type of the driving force.

3.2.4

seismoelectric current

SEI

I_see

non-isochoric streaming current (3.2.5) that arises in a porous body in liquid when an ultrasound wave propagates through

Note 1 to entry: A similar effect can be observed at a non-porous surface, when sound is bounced off at an oblique angle.

Note 2 to entry: Seismoelectric effect is expressed in amperes.

3.2.5

streaming current

I_str

current through a porous body in liquid resulting from the motion of the liquid under an applied pressure gradient

Note 1 to entry: Streaming current is expressed in amperes.

[SOURCE:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.2.8]

3.2.6

streaming current coupling coefficient

I_str/ΔP

electrokinetic phenomenon (3.2.2) determined by the slope of the linear dependence of the measured streaming current (3.2.5) on an applied pressure gradient

Note 1 to entry: Streaming current coupling coefficient is expressed in amperes per pascal.

3.2.7

streaming potential

U_str

potential difference at zero electric current, caused by the flow of liquid under a pressure gradient through a capillary, plug, diaphragm or membrane

Note 1 to entry: Streaming potentials are created by charge accumulation caused by the flow of countercharges inside capillaries or pores (3.3.5) .

Note 2 to entry: Streaming potential is expressed in volts.

[SOURCE:ISO 13099-1:2012, 2.2.10]

3.2.8

streaming potential coupling coefficient

U_str/ΔP

electrokinetic phenomenon (3.2.2) determined by the slope of the linear dependence of the measured streaming potential (3.2.7) on an applied pressure gradient

Note 1 to entry: Streaming potential coupling coefficient is expressed in volts per pascal.

3.3.1

deposit of solid particles

accumulation of individual particles (3.3.4) by sedimentation from a dispersion (3.3.2) on a solid support

3.3.2

dispersion

multi-phase system in which discontinuities of any state (solid, liquid or gas) are homogeneously distributed in a continuous phase of a different composition or state

Note 1 to entry: This term can also refer to the act or process of producing a dispersion, but in this context the term “dispersion process” shall be used.

Note 2 to entry: If solid particles (3.3.4) are dispersed in a liquid, the dispersion is referred to as a suspension. If the dispersion consists of two or more immiscible liquid phases, it is termed an emulsion.

[SOURCE:ISO/TS 22107:2021, 3.7]

3.3.3

monolith

solid porous object with size on scale of a few millimetres or larger

3.3.4

particle

minute piece of matter with defined physical boundaries

Note 1 to entry: A physical boundary can also be described as an interface.

Note 2 to entry: A particle can move as a unit.

[SOURCE:ISO 26824:2013, 1.1, modified — Note 3 to entry has been removed.]

3.3.5

pore

cavity or channel which is deeper than it is wide, otherwise it is part of the material’s roughness

[SOURCE:ISO 15901-1:2016, 3.5]

3.3.6

pore size

internal pore (3.3.5) width, which is a representative value of various sizes of vacant space inside a porous material (3.3.8)

[SOURCE:ISO 15901-1:2016, 3.13, modified — Part of the definition has been moved to an example.]

3.3.7

porosity

ratio of the volume of the accessible pores (3.3.5) and voids to the bulk volume occupied by an amount of the solid

[SOURCE:ISO 15901-1:2016, 3.27]

3.3.8

porous material

materials with cavities or channels which are deeper than they are wide

3.3.9

powder

porous or nonporous solid composed of discrete particles (3.3.4) with maximum dimension less than approximately 1 mm

Note 1 to entry: Powders with a particle size below approximately 1 μm are often referred to as fine powders.

[SOURCE:ISO 15901-1:2016, 3.4, modified — Part of the definition has been moved to a Note to entry.]