ISO 14955-1:2017 工作機械—工作機械の環境評価—パート1：エネルギー効率の高い工作機械の設計方法 | ページ 6

3.1

design and development

set of processes that transforms requirements into specified characteristics or into the specification of a product, process or system

Note 1 to entry: The terms “design” and “development” are sometimes used synonymously and sometimes used to define different stages of the overall process of turning an idea into a product.

Note 2 to entry: Product development is the process of taking a product idea from planning to market launch and review of the product, in which business strategies, marketing considerations, research methods and design aspects are used to take a product to a point of practical use. It includes improvements or modifications to existing products or processes.

Note 3 to entry: The integration of environmental aspects into product design and development may also be termed design for environment (DFE), eco-design, the environmental part of product stewardship, etc.

3.2

environment

surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation

Note 1 to entry: Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system.

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.1]

3.3

environmental aspect

element of an organization's activities or products or services that interact or can interact with the environment

Note 1 to entry: A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have significant environmental impact.

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]

3.4

environmental impact

change to the environment (3.2) , whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization's environmental aspects (3.3)

[SOURCE:ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]

3.5

life cycle

consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to the final disposal

Note 1 to entry: The stages of a product’s life cycle are raw material acquisition, manufacture, distribution, use and disposal (introduction of ISO/TR 14062 based on ISO 14040:2006, 5.2.3).

[SOURCE:ISO 14040:2006, 3.1]

3.6

mode of operation

method of operating and controlling a machine tool (3.16) , whereby different modes of operation are defined by safety standards for machine tools

Note 1 to entry: Examples for modes of operation are manual mode, automatic mode, setting mode.

Note 2 to entry: Different machine tool activities require certain modes of operation as laid down in safety standards for machine tools.

3.7

operating state

combination of ON, HOLD and OFF etc., settings of mains, peripheral units, machine tool control, machine tool processing unit and machine tool motion units including relevant machine tool activities

Note 1 to entry: Peripheral units are, for example, units for machine tool cooling/heating, process conditioning, workpiece and tool handling, recyclables and waste handling.

Note 2 to entry: Machine tool processing units are, for example, main spindle of a turning machine, tool spindle of a machining centre, generator for electro-discharge machine, slide of a press, draw cushions of a press.

Note 3 to entry: Machine tool motion units are, for example, linear axes of a turning machine, linear and rotary axes of a machining centre, linear axes of a wire electro-discharge machine.

Note 4 to entry: Reference to operating states (e.g. OFF, STANDBY, EXTENDED STANDBY, WARM UP, READY FOR PROCESSING, PROCESSING and CYCLING) requires definition of these states. An example for such a definition for a metal-cutting machine tool is given in Annex C.

Note 5 to entry: Examples for machine tool activities are tool loading, workpiece loading, axes movements, waiting, machine tool operation or cycling, or complete test cycles.

Note 6 to entry: Depending on the operating state and the machine tool activities, a mode of operation is selected as defined by relevant safety standards of machine tools.

3.8

environmental claim

statement, symbol or graphic that indicates an environmental aspect (3.3) of a product, a component or packaging

Note 1 to entry: An environmental claim may be made on product or packaging labels, through product literature, technical bulletins, advertising, publicity, telemarketing, as well as through digital or electronic media such as the Internet.

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.4]

3.9

environmental claim verification

confirmation of the validity of an environmental claim (3.8) using specific predetermined criteria and procedures with assurance of data reliability

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.5]

3.10

explanatory statement

explanation which is needed or given so that an environmental claim (3.8) can be properly understood by a purchaser, potential purchaser or user of the product

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.7]

3.11

functional unit

quantified performance of a product system for use as a reference unit in a life cycle (3.5) assessment study

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.8]

3.12

machine tool function

machine tool operation (machining process, motion and control), process conditioning, workpiece handling, tool handling or die change, recyclables and waste handling, machine tool cooling/heating

Note 1 to entry: Any machine tool function may be realized by one machine tool component or by a combination of machine tool components. Some machine tool components may realize more than one machine tool function.

Note 2 to entry: Figure 7 shows an example of the relationship between machine tool components and machine tool functions.

Note 3 to entry: Machine tool functions may be used for identifying machine tool components (3.13) relevant for energy supplied to the machine tool.

3.13

machine tool component

mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic device of a machine tool (3.16) , or a combination thereof

3.14

qualified environmental claim

environmental claim (3.8) which is accompanied by an explanatory statement (3.10) that describes the limits of the claim

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.15]

3.15

self-declared environmental claim

environmental claim (3.8) that is made, without independent third-party certification, by manufacturers, importers, distributors, retailers or anyone else likely to benefit from such a claim

[SOURCE:ISO 14021:2016, 3.1.16]

3.16

machine tool

mechanical device which is fixed (i.e. not mobile) and powered (typically by electricity and compressed air), typically used to process workpieces by selective removal/addition of material or mechanical deformation

Note 1 to entry: Machine tools operation can be mechanical, controlled by humans or by computers. Machine tools may have a number of peripherals used for machine tool cooling/heating, process conditioning, workpiece and tool handling (workpiece feeding excluded), recyclables and waste handling and other tasks connected to their main activities.

3.17

energy efficiency

relationship between the result achieved and the resources used ここで, resources are limited to energy

Note 1 to entry: Efficiency is defined as relationship between the result achieved and the resources used (ISO 9000:2015, 3.7.10).

Note 2 to entry: Statements of energy efficiency can be given e.g. in cycles per total energy supplied, in workpieces per energy supplied. If machining of test pieces is involved, specification of workpiece machining and quality of workpiece are part of the definition of the result.