ISO 18434-1:2008 機械の状態監視と診断—サーモグラフィ—パート1：一般的な手順 | ページ 6

3.1

apparent temperature

uncompensated reading from an infrared thermography camera containing all radiation incident on the detector, regardless of its source

3.2

attenuating media

windows, filters, atmospheres, external optics, materials or other media that attenuate the infrared radiation emitted from a source

3.3

black body

ideal perfect emitter and absorber of thermal radiation at all wavelengths

Note 1 to entry: This is described by Planck's law.

3.4

emissivity

ε

ratio of a target surface’s radiance to that of a black body at the same temperature and over the same spectral interval

3.5

infrared thermography camera

IRT camera

instrument that collects the infrared radiant energy from a target surface and produces an image in monochrome (black and white) or colour ここで, the grey shades or colour hues are related to target surface apparent temperature distribution

Note 1 to entry: Such images are sometimes called infrared thermograms.

3.6

image processing

converting an image to digital form and further enhancing the image to prepare it for computer or visual analysis

Note 1 to entry: In the case of an infrared image or thermogram this could include temperature scaling, spot temperature measurements, thermal profiles, image manipulation, subtraction and storage.

3.7

infrared

IR

that portion of the electromagnetic continuum extending from the red visible wavelength, 0,75 µm, to 1 000 µm

Note 1 to entry: Because of instrument design considerations and the infrared transmission characteristics of the atmosphere, most infrared measurements are made between 0,75 µm and 15 µm wavelengths.

3.8

isotherm

enhancement feature applied to an image, which marks an interval of equal apparent temperatures

3.9

infrared thermography

IRT

acquisition and analysis of thermal information from non-contact thermal imaging devices

3.10

radiation, thermal

mode of heat flow that occurs by emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation, propagating at the speed of light

Note 1 to entry: Unlike conductive and convective heat flow, it is capable of propagating across a vacuum. A form of heat transfer which allows IRT to work since infrared energy travels from the target to the detector by radiation.

3.11

reflectivity

ρ

ratio of the total reflected energy from a surface to total incident energy on that surface

Note 1 to entry:ρ = 1 − ε − τ ; for a mirror, reflectivity approaches 1,0; for a black body, ρ= 0.

Note 2 to entry: Technically, reflectivity is the ratio of the intensity of the reflected radiation to the total radiation; reflectance is the ratio of the reflected flux to the incident flux. In IRT, the two terms are often used interchangeably.

3.12

reflected apparent temperature

T _refl

apparent temperature of other objects that are reflected by the target into the infrared thermography camera

3.13

repeatability

capability of an instrument to repeat exactly a reading on a fixed target over a short- or long-term interval

Note 1 to entry: Repeatability is expressed in ± degrees or a percentage of full scale.

3.14

signal processing

manipulation of a temperature signal or image data for the purposes of enhancing or controlling a process

3.15

spatial measurement resolution

measurement-spot size in terms of working distance

Note 1 to entry: In an infrared radiation thermometer this is expressed in milliradians or as a ratio of the target-spot size (containing 95 % of the radiant energy, according to common usage) to the working distance. In scanners, cameras and imagers it is most often expressed in milliradians.

3.16

target

object surface to be measured

3.17

thermogram

thermal map or image of a target where the grey tones or colour hues represent the distribution of infrared thermal radiant energy over the surface of the target

3.18

transmissivity

transmittance

τ

proportion of infrared radiant energy impinging on an object surface, for any given spectral interval, that is transmitted through the object

Note 2 to entry: For a black body, τ = 0. Transmissivity is that fraction of incident radiation transmitted by matter.

3.19

working distance

distance from the target to the instrument, usually to the primary optic