ISO 19230:2020 ガス分析—サンプリングガイドライン | ページ 6

3.1

gas

materials which are present completely in gaseous form at a temperature of 20 °C under the absolute pressure of 0,101 3 MPa

Note 1 to entry: The materials here include single mediums and mixtures.

3.2

compressed gas

gas (3.1) which, when packaged under pressure for transport, is entirely gaseous at all temperatures above −50 °C

Note 1 to entry: This category includes all gases with a critical temperature less than or equal to −50 °C.

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 705, modified — Modified to include all temperatures above −50 °C.]

3.3

liquefied gas

gas (3.1) which, when packaged under pressure for transport, is partially liquid at temperatures above −50 °C

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 706, modified — Modified to specify that gas is packaged under pressure.]

3.4

high pressure liquefied gas

gas (3.1) with a critical temperature between −50 °C and +65 °C

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 708]

3.5

low pressure liquefied gas

gas (3.1) with a critical temperature above +65 °C

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 707]

3.6

toxic gas

gas (3.1) which is known to be so toxic or corrosive to humans to pose a health hazard or which is presumed to be toxic or corrosive to humans because it has a lethal concentration 50 (3.38) value for acute toxicity equal to or less than 5 000 ml/m³ (ppm)

Note 1 to entry: Other risks, such as tissue corrosiveness, are sometimes associated.

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 716]

3.7

gas in pressure receptacles

gas stored in closed cylinders, tube, pressure drums, tanks and other pressure receptacles

3.8

gas in pipelines

gas delivered in pipelines during the production process

3.9

sampling device

components that comprise the sampling system (3.10) mainly includes sample lines (3.26) , pressure regulators/reducers, flow controllers, connectors and sample containers

3.10

sampling system

gas transmission and control system constructed by gas storage container or sample point of gas in pipelines (3.8) and various sampling devices (3.9)

3.11

representative sample

sample assumed to have the same composition as the material sampled when the latter is considered as a homogeneous whole

[SOURCE: ISO 6206:1979, 3.3]

3.12

direct sampling

sampling in situations where there is a direct connection between the gas to be sampled and the analytical unit

[SOURCE: ISO 10715:1997, 2.1, modified — The word"natural" has been omitted from the definition.]

3.13

indirect sampling

sampling in situations where there is no direct connection between the gas to be sampled and the analytical unit

[SOURCE: ISO 10715:1997, 2.7, modified — The word"natural" has been omitted from the definition.]

3.14

sampling plan

planned procedure of selection, withdrawal and preparation of a sample or samples from a lot to yield the required knowledge of the characteristic(s) from the final sample so that a decision can be made regarding the lot

[SOURCE: ISO 6206:1979, 3.1.5]

3.15

spot sampling

indirect sampling (3.13) from a specific part of the stream of material with a certain volume at a specific time

3.16

incremental sampling

indirect sampling (3.13) by collecting a series of spot samples into a combined sample

3.17

continuous sampling

direct sampling (3.12) taken continuously from a stream of material with a constant flow rate in a certain period of time

3.18

intermittent sampling

direct sampling (3.12) from a stream of material with predetermined intervals

3.19

ullage

outage

space in the container not occupied by the material, or the distance between the material surface and a fixed reference point at the top of the container

Note 1 to entry: This volume allows room for expansion.

[SOURCE: ISO 6206:1979, 3.3.14]

3.20

sampling error

part of the total estimation error of a characteristic due to known and acceptable deficiencies in the sampling plan (3.14)

[SOURCE: ISO 6206:1979, 3.4.10]

3.21

incremental sampler

sampler which accumulates a series of spot samples into one composite sample

[SOURCE: ISO 10715:1997, 2.6]

3.22

low-pressure gas

gases with a pressure between 0 MPa and 0,2 MPa at sampling temperature

Note 1 to entry: Except for special provisions, all pressures mentioned in this standard are gauge pressures.

3.23

high-pressure gas

gases with a pressure exceeding 0,2 MPa at sampling temperature

3.24

lag time

time taken for a representative sample (3.11) to enter the instrument

[SOURCE: ISO 11042-2:1996, 3.5.1.1]

3.25

sample container

container for collecting the gas sample when indirect sampling (3.13) is necessary

[SOURCE: ISO 10715:1997, 2.14]

3.26

sample line

conduit to transfer a sample of gas from the sample place to the analytical unit or sample container (3.25)

Note 1 to entry: Another word used for sample line is transfer line.

[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.3.2.5]

3.27

sample probe

device inserted into the gas pipelines so that a representative sample (3.11) of the flowing gas can be taken

Note 1 to entry: The sample probe will have a conduit to convey the sample from the flowing gas to a point external to the pipeline.

[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.3.2.6, modified — The second sentence has been formatted as a note to entry.]

3.28

sampling point

point in the gas stream where a representative sample (3.11) can be collected

[SOURCE: ISO 10715:1997, 2.17]

3.29

filling ratio

ratio of the mass of gas to the mass of water at 15 °C that would fill completely a pressure receptacle fitted ready for use

Note 1 to entry: Synonyms are filling factor and filling degree, often expressed in kg/l or similar.

[SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, 747]

3.30

continuous purging method

purging method by continually purging the sampling system (3.10) with sample gases

3.31

fill-empty cycle purging method

purging method by sequentially filling and emptying the sampling system (3.10) repeatedly with the gas to be taken

3.32

evacuation-gas purging cycles

purging method by sequentially evacuating and pressurizing the sampling system (3.10) with the sample to be taken

3.33

sampling from the gaseous phase

process that takes a sample from the gaseous phase of the liquefied gases (3.3)

3.34

sampling from the liquid phase

process that takes a sample from the liquid phase of the liquefied gases (3.3)

3.35

sampling in liquid form

process that takes a sample in liquid form directly from the liquid phase of the liquefied gas (3.3)

3.36

sampling after evaporation

process that takes a sample in gaseous form by vaporizing the sample from the liquid phase of the liquefied gas (3.3)

3.37

liquid valve

device with an internal fixed sample loop, fitted to an analyser for the direct sampling (3.12) of liquefied gas (3.3) in liquid form, which can keep the liquefied gas to be collected completely in the liquid phase

3.38

lethal concentration 50

LC₅₀

concentration of a substance in air exposure to which, for a specified length of time, it is expected to cause the death of 50 % of the entire defined experimental animal population after a defined time period

[SOURCE: ISO 10298:2018, 3.1]

3.39

corrosive gas

gas (3.1) which, when dissolved in water or other liquid, causes corrosion of metal

[SOURCE: ISO 13703:2000, 3.1.4]

3.40

floating piston cylinder

sample container (3.25) that has a moving piston separating the sample from a precharge gas

Note 1 to entry: The pressures are in balance on both sides of the piston.

[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.3.2.1, modified — The container has been specified as a"sample container" and the second sentence was formatted as a note to entry.]