ISO 19493:2007 水質—硬質基質群集の海洋生物学的調査に関するガイダンス | ページ 5

2.1

area of influence

area influenced or expected to be influenced, based on the available information

2.2

biotope

area of uniform environmental conditions (habitat) and its characteristic assemblage of plant and/or animal species

2.3

macroscopic organisms

algae and animals that are visible without magnification equipment (≥ 1 mm) and which can be recorded in the field

Note 1 to entry: Certain macroscopic organisms can require microscopic inspection for identification. For microscopy of collected material, the lower size limit is set to 1 mm.

2.4

hard substrate

substrate consisting of bedrock, larger rocks/stones or fixed marine constructions such as wharfs, quays and pipelines

Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this International Standard, hard substrate can also include other substrates that are not likely to be moved or turned over during a reasonable time period so that perennial species communities are likely to develop (e.g. pebbles and stones in sheltered environments).

2.5

hard substrate flora and fauna

attached algae and animals, together with relatively stationary animals living on or in close association with hard substrate

2.6

supralittoral zone

zone above the eulittoral zone, which is reached by spray water

Note 1 to entry: Its upper limit is normally determined by the upper limit of Verrucaria (black lichen belt), blue-green algae (usually Calothrix scopulorum) or littorinid snails.

2.7

eulittoral zone

marine intertidal zone which is submersed and emerged, either periodically due to tides or aperiodically due to irregularly occurring factors, as in the enclosed seas of the Baltic or the Mediterranean

Note 1 to entry: Biologically, this zone is defined as the zone between the upper limit of barnacles and the upper limit of laminarians. In the Baltic where there is no tide, the eulittoral zone is the zone of short-lived annual algae.

2.8

sublittoral zone

zone below the eulittoral zone, which is submersed with the upper part at extreme low water levels occasionally emerging

Note 1 to entry: In this International Standard, the lower limit is set by the deepest occurring algae.

Note 2 to entry: This is also referred to as the subtidal zone.

Note 3 to entry: Biologically, this zone is defined as the zone between the upper limit of laminarians and the lower limit of algal vegetation (see Annex C).

2.9

level of exposure

level of wave and current exposure at a site

2.10

receiving water body

water body which receives an input of material, of either natural or anthropogenic origin

Note 1 to entry: The term often appears in the context of contamination (for example effluent from municipal waste water outlets or industrial processed water). Receiving water body surveys describe the state of contamination in a given area.

2.11

sampling station

precise location where recording is carried out and any samples collected

Note 1 to entry: A sampling station is defined by its geographical position (OS National Grid Reference, latitude, longitude), its depth (relative to chart datum and normalized to mean low water as given in tide tables) and any other information on physical conditions (e.g. substrate type, slope and orientation).

2.12

reference station

one or more sampling stations chosen to represent environmental conditions in a given area, i.e. free from direct anthropogenic influences

2.13

baseline survey

survey with emphasis on characterization and description of biotic and abiotic conditions in the survey area, and which forms the basis for future monitoring and/or follow-up surveys

2.14

temporal trend monitoring

surveys of the hard substrate community in response to temporal changes in chemical and/or physical conditions in the surrounding waters to document either pollution or natural variation over time

2.15

ROV

Remotely Operated Vehicle

remote-controlled underwater vehicle with video camera and often the possibility for mounting additional equipment such as sonar, manipulator arm, etc.