ISO 23961-1:2021 伝統的な漢方薬—診断のための用語, 語彙—パート1：舌 | ページ 8

5.1

tongue coating

舌苔

fur-like substance covering the tongue body

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Handbook on Cold Damage states, “The tongue coating is just like lichen. Lichen grows on damp surfaces. The tongue coating is engendered by stomach qi steaming water and grains transformed by the spleen.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.

5.1.1

property of tongue coating

苔質

texture and form of tongue coating

Note 1 to entry: Properties include such aspects as thinness or thickness, moistening or dryness, greasiness or rottenness, peeling.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.

5.1.1.1

thick tongue coating

厚苔

tongue coating through which one cannot see the tongue body

Note 1 to entry: A typical thick tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.1 in Annex A.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.1.

5.1.1.2

thin tongue coating

薄苔

tongue coating through which one can see the tongue body

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry: A typical thin tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.2 in Annex A.

Note 3 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.2.

5.1.1.3

less tongue coating

少苔

excessively small or scanty tongue coating

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongue Diagnosis.

Note 2 to entry: A typical less tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.3 in Annex A.

Note 3 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.3.

5.1.1.4

moist tongue coating

潤苔

moderately moistened tongue coating

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Guide to Differentiation of Tongue Conditions states, “A moist tongue coating indicates sufficient body fluids.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical moist tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.4 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.4.

5.1.1.5

slippery tongue coating

滑苔

tongue coating that looks watery and wet

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Guide to Differentiation of Tongue Conditions states, “A slippery tongue coating is wet, indicating sufficient body fluids.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical slippery tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.5 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.5.

5.1.1.6

dry tongue coating

燥苔

tongue coating with scanty fluids

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Guide to Differentiation of Tongue Conditions states, “A dry tongue coating indicates insufficient body fluids”; “A dry tongue coating is dry with scanty fluids.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical dry tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.6 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.6.

5.1.1.7

rough tongue coating

糙苔

tongue coating that feels coarse when touched

Note 1 to entry: A typical rough tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.7 in Annex A.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.7.

5.1.1.8

greasy tongue coating

膩苔

tongue coating containing small and thin granules sticking on the tongue surface, which are not easy to scrape off

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Guide to Differentiation of Tongue Conditions states, “A greasy tongue coating has roots and cannot be scraped away.” The She Zhen Yan Jiu (《舌診研究》, Research on Tongue Diagnosis) states, “When you observe a greasy tongue coating with a magnifying glass, you can see that the number and branches of the filiform papillae increase, including saliva and food residues.” The New Methods in Syndrome Differentiation through Tongue Observation states, “A thick and greasy tongue coating is thick in the centre but thin on the sides, without pores and loose granules. A thick and greasy tongue cannot be scraped away.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical greasy tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.8 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.8.

5.1.1.9

rotten tongue coating

腐苔

tongue coating containing big, loose and thick granules staying on the tongue surface, which is easy to scrape off

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The New Methods in Syndrome Differentiation through Tongue Observation.

Note 2 to entry:The Guide to Differentiation of Tongue Conditions states, “A rotten tongue coating has no roots and can be easily scraped away.” The Fu Xie Xin Shu (《伏邪新書》) states, “A rotten tongue coating is just like residue of soy bean curd…” The Yi Yuan (《醫原》, The Origin of Traditional Chinese Medicine) states, “A rotten tongue coating is loose and not sticky.” The New Methods in Syndrome Differentiation through Tongue Observation states, “A rotten tongue coating is just like being covered with a layer of residue of soy bean curd.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical rotten tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.9 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.9.

5.1.1.10

peeled tongue coating

花剝苔

tongue coating that is partially peeled off

Note 1 to entry: A typical peeled tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.10 in Annex A.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.10.

5.1.1.11

mirrored tongue coating

光剝苔

tongue coating that is completely peeled off

Note 1 to entry: A typical mirrored tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.1.11 in Annex A.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.1.11.

5.1.2

colour of tongue coating

苔色

visual hue of tongue coating

Note 1 to entry: The three tongue coating colours are white, yellow and grey-black.

Note 2 to entry: For further information, see B.2.2.

5.1.2.1

white tongue coating

白苔

tongue coating white in colour

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry: A typical white tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.2.1 in Annex A.

Note 3 to entry: For further information, see B.2.2.1.

5.1.2.2

yellow tongue coating

黃苔

tongue coating yellow in colour

Note 1 to entry: Yellow tongue coatings include light-yellow, deep-yellow and brown-yellow.

Note 2 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 3 to entry:The New Methods in Syndrome Differentiation through Tongue Observation states, “A yellow tongue coating varies in the colour depth and the degree of wetness. It can be deep yellow, brown yellow, yellow like fried immature orange, yellow and black like the scorched pan, bright yellow, yellow like the yellow teeth, gray-bluish-yellow, yellow like being coloured by the corn, yellow like the striped tiger, yellow like beeswax, yellow like being coloured by the yolk, yellow like the fried residue of soy bean curd.”

Note 4 to entry: A typical yellow tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.2.2 in Annex A.

Note 5 to entry: For further information, see B.2.2.2.

5.1.2.3

grey-black tongue coating

灰黑苔

tongue coating grey-black in colour

Note 1 to entry: The first origin is The Ao’s Golden Mirror Records for Cold Damage.

Note 2 to entry:The Si Zhen Jue Wei (《四診訣微》, Four Diagnostic Methods in Traditional Chinese Medicine) states, “A gray tongue coating is the mild case of black tongue coating.”

Note 3 to entry: A typical grey-black tongue coating image is shown in Figure A.3.2.3 in Annex A.

Note 4 to entry: For further information, see B.2.2.3.