ISO 22095:2020 CoC —一般的な用語とモデル | ページ 6

3.1.1

親権の連鎖

インプット（3.2.2） と アウトプット（3.2.3） 、および関連する情報が、関連する サプライチェーン（3.2.1） の各ステップを移動する際に転送、監視、制御されるプロセス

3.1.2

チェーン オブ カストディ システム

これらの措置の文書化を含む、 CoC (3.1.1) を実施するために設計された一連の措置

注記1加工・流通過程管理システムの目的は，所与の材料又は製品が一連の 指定された特性（3.2.5） を有するという信頼性を提供することである。

注記2：材料または製品に関連する情報は、 サプライチェーン全体（3.2.1） またはその一部を通じて転送、監視、および管理されます。

3.1.3

チェーン オブ カストディ モデル

インプット（3.2.2） と アウトプット（3.2.3） 、および特定 のCoCシステム（3.1.2）の 関連情報を制御するために採用されたアプローチ

注記 1： CoC モデルは通常、一連の 指定された特性を維持するように設計されている（3.2.5） 。

注記 2:加工過程の管理モデルは 3.3 で定義され、表 1 に要約されています。

3.2.1

supply chain

series of processes or activities involved in the production and distribution of a material or product through which it passes from the source (3.2.8)

Note 1 to entry: A supply chain is typically composed of a series of different organizations.

3.2.2

input

material or product that enters an organization or part of an organization

Note 1 to entry: Input may be used at any stage of the supply chain (3.2.1) .

Note 2 to entry: Input may also include reused and recycled materials or products.

Note 3 to entry: Input will have associated information.

[SOURCE: ISO 14044:2006+A1:2017, 3.21, modified — The wording and Note 1 to entry have been modified. Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]

3.2.3

output

material or product that leaves an organization or part of an organization

Note 1 to entry: Output can be created at any stage of the supply chain (3.2.1) .

Note 2 to entry: Output might include other products resulting from production processes.

Note 3 to entry: Output will have associated information.

[SOURCE: ISO 14044:2006+A1:2017, 3.25, modified — The wording and Note 1 to entry has been modified. Notes 2 and 3 to entry have been added.]

3.2.4

characteristic

distinguishing feature

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.10.1, modified — Notes 1 to 3 to entry have been deleted.]

3.2.5

specified characteristic

set of product characteristics (3.2.6) and/or production characteristics (3.2.7) that the chain of custody is designed to maintain

3.2.6

product characteristic

distinguishing feature of a material or product

Note 1 to entry: A product characteristic can be qualitative or quantitative.

3.2.7

production characteristic

distinguishing feature of one or more production processes in the supply chain (3.2.1)

Note 1 to entry: Production characteristics sometimes create product characteristics (3.2.6) . Examples include the grinding of wood, the chemical treatment of wood for pulp production and food cooked at a low temperature. Examples of production characteristics that do not normally create a product characteristic include production according to a particular specification, such as the sustainable production of the material; the absence of child labour; particular human rights standards or the identity of the primary processor.

Note 2 to entry: Production characteristics can include the type of transportation and storage.

3.2.8

source

specific originator at a location of a material or product with a specified characteristic (3.2.5)

Note 1 to entry: The originator is typically a specific supplier but can also be a specific manufacturer or specific processor adding a particular characteristic.

3.2.9

site

location with geographical boundaries at which defined activities under the control of an organization are carried out

Note 1 to entry: Sites may be in one geographical area but need not be contiguous. For example, a road can separate two geographical areas that are operated as a single site.

Note 2 to entry: Activities can include material extraction, production, manufacturing, recycling, storage, trade and/or transportation.

3.2.10

process

set of interrelated or interacting activities that use inputs (3.2.2) to deliver an intended output (3.2.3)

Note 1 to entry: A process can include services.

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.4.1, modified — The word “result” has been replaced by “output”. Notes 1 to 6 to entry have been deleted.]

3.3.1

identity preserved model

chain of custody model (3.1.3) in which the materials or products originate from a single source (3.2.8) and their specified characteristics (3.2.5) are maintained throughout the supply chain (3.2.1)

3.3.2

segregated model

chain of custody model (3.1.3) in which specified characteristics (3.2.5) of a material or product are maintained from the initial input (3.2.2) to the final output (3.2.3)

Note 1 to entry: Addition of material with different characteristics and/or grade to the input is not allowed.

Note 2 to entry: Commonly, material from more than one source contributes to a chain of custody under the segregated model.

3.3.3

controlled blending model

chain of custody model (3.1.3) in which materials or products with a set of specified characteristics (3.2.5) are mixed according to certain criteria with materials or products without that set of characteristics resulting in a known proportion of the specified characteristics in the final output (3.2.3)

Note 1 to entry: This chain of custody model is also referred to as the"single percentage method".

3.3.4

mass balance model

chain of custody model (3.1.3) in which materials or products with a set of specified characteristics (3.2.5) are mixed according to defined criteria with materials or products without that set of characteristics

Note 1 to entry: The proportion of the input (3.2.2) with specified characteristics might only match the initial proportions on average and will typically vary across different outputs (3.2.3) .

3.3.5

book and claim model

chain of custody model (3.1.3) in which the administrative record flow is not necessarily connected to the physical flow of material or product throughout the supply chain (3.2.1)

Note 1 to entry: This chain of custody model is also referred to as"certificate trading model" or"credit trading".

Note 2 to entry: This is often used where the certified/specified material cannot, or only with difficulty, be kept separate from the non-certified/specified material, such as green credits in an electricity supply.

3.4.1

organization

entity or group of people and facilities with an arrangement of responsibilities, authorities and relationships and identifiable objectives

Note 1 to entry: An organization may encompass multiple (production/geographical) sites.

[SOURCE: ISO 26000:2010, 2.12]

3.4.2

top management

person or group of people who directs and controls an organization at the highest level

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.1.1, modified — Notes 1 to 3 to entry have been deleted.]

3.4.3

requirements setter

person or organization that specifies the requirements for a particular chain of custody

3.5.1

conformity

fulfillment of a specified requirement

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.6.11, modified — The definition has been modified.]

3.5.2

conformity assessment

demonstration that specified requirements are fulfilled

Note 1 to entry: Conformity assessment can be performed as first-party activity (3.5.3) , second-party activity(3.5.4) orthird-party activity (3.5.5) .

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 4.1, modified — Notes 1 to 4 to entry have been deleted. A new Note 1 to entry has been added.]

3.5.3

first-party conformity assessment activity

conformity assessment (3.5.2) activity that is performed by the person or organization that provides or that is the object of conformity assessment

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 4.3, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]

3.5.4

second-party conformity assessment activity

conformity assessment (3.5.2) activity that is performed by a person or organization that has a user interest in the object of conformity assessment

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 4.4, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]

3.5.5

third-party conformity assessment activity

conformity assessment (3.5.2) activity that is performed by a person or organization that is independent of the provider of the object and has no user interest in the object

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 4.5, modified — Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]

3.5.6

audit

process (3.2.10) for obtaining relevant information about an object of conformity assessment (3.5.2) and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which specified requirements are fulfilled

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 6.4, modified — Notes 1 to 3 to entry have been deleted.]

3.5.7

inspection

examination of an object of conformity assessment (3.5.2) and determination of its conformity with detailed requirements or, on the basis of professional judgement, with general requirements

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 6.3, modified — Notes 1 to 3 to entry have been deleted.]

3.5.8

verification

confirmation of truthfulness, through the provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled

Note 1 to entry: The objective evidence needed for a verification can be the result of an inspection (3.5.7) , audit (3.5.6) or other forms of determination such as performing alternative calculations or reviewing documents.

Note 2 to entry: The activities carried out for verification are sometimes called a"qualification process" and can result in certification (3.5.9) .

Note 3 to entry: The word “verified” is used to designate the corresponding status.

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.8.12, modified — In Note 2 to entry, the wording has been modified.]

3.5.9

certification

third-party attestation related to an object of conformity assessment (3.5.2) , with the exception of accreditation

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17000:2020, 7.6]

3.5.10

claim

declared information regarding the specified characteristics (3.2.5) of a material or product

3.6.1

traceability

ability to trace the history, application, location or source(s) of a material or product throughout the supply chain (3.2.1)

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.6.13, modified — The wording has been modified. Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]

3.6.2

traceability system

manual or electronic system that provides the ability to access any or all information relating to the material or product under consideration throughout their life cycle, by means of accessing documented information

Note 1 to entry:"Life cycle" should be understood in the broadest possible sense, to include, for example, raw material extraction, agricultural production, final disposal, and reuse or recycling, as well as all other stages connected with product manufacture and use.